| Mashallah |
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| 8th century births | |
| 810s deaths | |
| 8th century astronomers | |
| 8th century mathematicians | |
| iraqi jews | |
| islamic astronomy | |
| jewish scientists | |
| medieval astronomers | |
| people from basra | |
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''For the fourth and final wife of Sulla, see Valeria Messala .'' , from the title page of the ''De scientia motus orbis'' (Latin version with engraving, 1504). As in many medieval illustrations, the Compass here is an icon of religion as well as science, in reference to God as the architect of creation.]] Masha'allah ibn Atharī (c. 740 -d. 815 AD) was an eighth century Jewish Astrologer and Astronomer from the city of Basra (now located in modern day Iraq ) who became the leading astrologer of the late 8th century. His name is usually Latinized as '''Messala''' or '''Messahalla'''. The Messala Crater , on the Moon , is named after him. As a young man he participated in the founding of Baghdad in 762 by working with a group of astrologers led by Naubakht The Persian to pick an Electional Horoscope for the founding of the city. He wrote over twenty works on astrology, which became authoritative in later centuries at first in the Middle East, and then in the West when Horoscopic Astrology was transmitted back to Europe beginning in the 12th century. Mashallah wrote works on ''Astral sympathies'', otherwise known as Astrology . The task of astrologers such as him and Naubakht was to optimize such influences. His real name was probably ''Manasseh'' or ''Jethro'', and Latin translators named him Messahala (with many variants, as ''Messahalla'' ''Messala'', ''Macellama'', ''Macelarma'', ''Messahalah''). He flourished under the Caliph Al-Mansur , and became one of the earliest astronomers and astrologers of the Islamic era. Science historian Donald Hill writes that Mashallah was originally from Khorasan . Of his 20+ works, few remain. Only one of his writings is still extant in its original Arabic, but there are many medieval Latin and Hebrew translations. One of his most popular books in the Middle Ages was the ''De scientia motus orbis'', translated by Gherardo Cremonese . He also wrote treatises on Astrolabe s. (p 10) The De scientia motus orbis is probably the treatise called in Arabic "the twenty-seventh;" printed in Nuremberg 1501, 1549. The second edition is entitled: 'De elementis et orbibus coelestibus', and contains 27 chapters. The De compositione et utilitate astrolabii was included in Gregor Reisch: Margarita phylosophica (ed. pr., Freiburg, 1503; Suter says the text is included in the Basel edition of 1583). Other astronomical and astrological writings are quoted by Suter and Steinsehneider. An Irish astronomical tract also exists based in part on a mediaeval Latin version. Edited with preface, translation, and glossary, by Afaula Power (Irish Texts Society, vol. 14, 194 p., 1914.} The notable twelfth-century scholar and astrologer of Nuremberg in 1549, by Robert Hand He died in 815 AD. SOURCES |
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