The public school system in Loudoun County was established in 1870 to fulfill the needs for free education after the Civil War and in an era of Reconstruction.
The LCPS system, while operated on a day-to-day basis by the Superintendent, is managed under the direction and authority of the Loudoun County School Board , a 9 member panel panel elected by citizens in the county. Eight of the nine positions are divided between voting districts that represent communities throughout the county while the ninth seat is elected at-large by the entire county. The voting districts are the same as used for Loudoun County Board Of Supervisor elections. Unlike the Board of Supervisors, the chairmanship of the School Board operates on a rotating basis between members, while the Chairman of the Board of Supervisors is specifically elected. While the School Board makes decisions relating to school policy and curriculum, it receives all funding from the Board of Supervisors, so both groups must work together to provide funding for new schools and land on which to build them.
All high schools serve grades 9-12 unless otherwise noted.
- Briar Woods High School , Ashburn
- Broad Run High School , Ashburn
- Dominion High School , Sterling
- Freedom High School , South Riding
- Heritage High School , Leesburg
- Loudoun County High School , Leesburg
- Loudoun Valley High School , Purcellville (due to overcrowding, Loudoun Valley only serves grades 10-12)
- Park View High School , Sterling
- Potomac Falls High School , Potomac Falls
- Stone Bridge High School , Ashburn
Serves grades 6-8
- Belmont Ridge Middle School , Leesburg
- Blue Ridge Middle School , Purcellville
- Eagle Ridge Middle School , Ashburn
- Farmwell Station Middle School , Ashburn
- Harper Park Middle School , Leesburg
- Mercer Middle School , Aldie
- River Bend Middle School , Sterling
- Seneca Ridge Middle School , Sterling
- J.L. Simpson Middle School , Leesburg
- Smart's Mill Middle School , Leesburg
- Sterling Middle School , Sterling
Serves grades 8-9
Serves grades K-5
- Aldie Elementary School , Aldie
- Algonkian Elementary School , Sterling
- Ashburn Elementary School , Ashburn
- Ball's Bluff Elementary School , Leesburg
- Banneker Elementary School , Middleburg
- Belmont Station Elementary School , Ashburn
- Catoctin Elementary School , Leesburg
- Cedar Lane Elementary School , Ashburn
- Cool Spring Elementary School , Leesburg
- Countryside Elementary School , Sterling
- Dominion Trail Elementary School , Ashburn
- Emerick Elementary School , Purcellville
- Evergreen Mill Elementary School , Leesburg
- Frances Hazel Reid Elementary School , Leesburg
- Forest Grove Elementary School , Sterling
- Guilford Elementary School , Sterling
- Hamilton Elementary School , Hamilton
- Hillsboro Elementary School , Purcellville
- Hillside Elementary School , Ashburn
- Horizon Elementary School , Sterling
- Hutchison Farm Elementary School , South Riding
- Leesburg Elementary School , Leesburg
- Legacy Elementary School , Ashburn
- Lincoln Elementary School , Purcellville
- Little River Elementary School , South Riding
- Lovettsville Elementary School , Lovettsville
- Lowes Island Elementary School , Sterling
- Lucketts Elementary School , Leesburg
- Meadowland Elementary School , Sterling
- Middleburg Elementary School , Middleburg
- Mill Run Elementary School , Ashburn
- Mountain View Elementary School , Purcellville
- Newton-Lee Elementary School , Ashburn
- Pinebrook Elementary School , Aldie
- Potowmack Elementary School , Sterling
- Rolling Ridge Elementary School , Sterling
- Round Hill Elementary School , Round Hill
- Sanders Corner Elementary School , Ashburn
- Seldens Landing Elementary School , Leesburg
- Sterling Elementary School , Sterling
- Sugarland Elementary School , Sterling
- Sully Elementary School , Sterling
- John W. Tolbert Jr. Elementary School , Leesburg
- Waterford Elementary School , Waterford
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