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__TOC__ BY APPARENT MAGNITUDE Below are the 100 brightest Star s as seen from Earth (by Apparent Magnitude at visible wavelengths) according to the Hipparcos sky survey. The exact order of this list is not completely well-defined because of the following reasons:
BY ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDE Below is a list of the most luminous Star s by Absolute Magnitude or Absolute Bolometric Magnitude . The absolute magnitude is a measure of the star's Luminosity – the total amount of visible Energy Radiated by a Star every Second , as it would be at a standard Distance of 10 Parsec s away from the Star itself). Note: the exact order of this list is not yet complete, nor is it completely well defined:
Note also some other references give ''very'' different lists of the most luminous stars (different ordering or different stars altogether):
OTHER OBJECTS Note that even the brightest Star , at a Luminosity of 40 Million Sun s, it is still not the brightest object in the Universe . This honor belongs to the Quasar s, of which several hundred are currently known. The brightest quasar currently known is the ultraluminous 3C 273 in the Constellation of Virgo . It has an average Apparent Magnitude of 12.8 (when observing with a Telescope ), but an Absolute Magnitude of -26.7. If this object were 10 parsecs away it would appear nearly as bright in the sky as our Sun (apparent magnitude -26.8m). This quasar's Luminosity is, therefore, about 2 Trillion (1012) times that of our sun, or about 100 times that of the total Light of average giant Galaxies like our Milky Way . Quasars are however also found to vary in Luminosity in differing Time periods. In terms of Gamma Rays , a Magnetar (a type of Neutron Star ) called SGR 1806-20 , had an extreme burst on 27 December 2004 . It was the brightest event known to have impacted this Planet from an origin outside our Solar System ; if these Gamma Rays were visible, with an Absolute Magnitude of approx. −29, it would be brighter than our Sun (as measured by the Swift spacecraft). The Gamma-ray Burst GRB_971214 in 1998 was at the time thought to be the most energetic event in the Universe , with the equivalent energy of several hundred Supernovae . Later studies pointed out that the energy was probably the energy of one supernova which had been "beamed" towards Earth by the geometry of the surrounding gas. SEE ALSO REFERENCES
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