As capital of East Nusa Tenggara, the transport and administrative links from Kupang with isolated islands are extensive. The location was an important port and trading point during the Portuguese and Dutch colonial eras. There are ruins and remnant signs of the colonial presence in the city.
The city was an important landing and refueling place for early aeroplane flights between Europe and Australia in the early twentieth century. It was an important location during the conflict in East Timor , for the Indonesian military, as well as the militias. The camps around Kupang were also of significant impact on the city.
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