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Also see article on Judea .

, c. 800 BCE . The territory of the Kingdom of Judah is marked dark red.]]
Judah is often referred to as the Southern Kingdom to distinguish it from the '''Northern Kingdom''' (being the Kingdom Of Israel ) after the division of the Kingdom. Its capital was Jerusalem . See History Of Ancient Israel And Judah .

When the disruption took place at Shechem , at first only the Tribe Of Judah followed the house of David . But very soon after the Tribe Of Benjamin joined the tribe of Judah, and Jerusalem became the capital of the new kingdom ( Joshua 18:28), which was called the kingdom of Judah.

For the first sixty years, the kings of Judah aimed at re-establishing their authority over the kingdom of the other ten tribes, so that there was a state of perpetual war between them. For the following eighty years, there was no open war between them. For the most part, they were in friendly alliance, co-operating against their common enemies, especially against .

The kingdom maintained a separate existence for three hundred and eighty-nine years. It occupied an area of about 8,900 km&2 (3,435 square miles).


THE KINGS OF JUDAH

For this period, most historians follow the chronology established by William F. Albright , by Edwin R. Thiele , or by Gershon Galil , all of which are shown below. All dates are BCE .


Notes


#Hezekiah: contemporary with Sennacherib of Assyria, and Merodach-baladan of Babylon.
#Zedekiah: King during the second rebellion ( 588586 BCE ). Jerusalem was captured after a lengthy siege, the temple burnt, Zedekiah taken into exile and Judah was reduced to a province. Nebuchadnezzar had left Gedaliah as his governor, who was killed in one last revolt, and the few members of the ruling classes left from the kingdom of Judah took the prophets Jeremiah and Baruch with them as they fled to sanctuary in Egypt.


FROM THE END OF THE KINGDOM TO THE PRESENT


After the end of the ancient kingdom the area passed into foreign rule, apart from brief periods, under the following powers:












  • ruling Judea under Roman Supremacy (37 BC-AD 6, AD 41-44), interchanging with direct Roman rule (6-41, 44-66). This ended in the first Jewish Revolt of 66 - 73, which saw the Temple destroyed in 70.


  • first called Judea , after 135 called Palaestina . In 395 the Roman Empire is split into a Western and an Eastern part.



  • 638–1099: Arab Caliphate s and subject rulers





  • 1516–1917: Ottoman Turks , having previously conquered the Byzantine Empire in 1453


  • 1918–1948: British mandate of Palestine under, first, League Of Nations , then, successor United Nations ; the Emirate of Trans-Jordan was separated from the rest of Palestine in 1922, and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan became independent upon the expiration of the League of Nations Mandate in 1946.





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