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and main street of Roman Jerash, with modern Jerash rising behind them]] showing location of Gerasa (Jerash)]] JERASH: Jerash جرش is the capital of Jerash governate محافظة جرش part of the Kingdom of Jordan .The total population of the city Jerash and the attched villages exeeds 120,000 people. The Location: Jerash situated in the northern territories of the Jordan , 45 KM north of the capital Amman . Jerash geocraphical features varies from cold mountains to the warm vallies from (~300 -~1300 Meters over the sea level), the thing that make it optimal for growing agricultural crops of all types. THE RE-INHABITATION OF JEARSH: Jerash was a small village attached to town of Souf ( Center of al-Meradh area during the Ottoman Empire ). It was re-inhabited during the second half of the ninteenth century by the local people of souf and the surrounding villages. During that Jerash was a target for successive miggrants waves include syrians (Shwam), the Circassians and in at the second half of twenteeth century by the Palestinian Refugees. Jerash has developed dramatically in the last 50 years, This due to the stratigic location as a heart of the inhabited area in Jordan and because of the tourism attraction of the historical city of Jerash, one of the few remaining complete Roman cities in the world. JERASH FESTIVAL Every year, Jersah hosts the most famous festival in the Arabic World ( one of the most famous in the world ) Jerash Festival . The festival is patronized by the royal family of Jordan, it was continue to for more than 26 years. It hosts during summer Art, Music, Songs, Theater, cultur and other world class events. ANCIENT JEARSH: Jerash (ancient "Antioch-on-the-Chrysorhoas", also known as '''Gerasa''') ( cities in the Near East —was a City of the Decapolis . Its ruins are located in the Gilead region of northwest Jordan . Modern city of Jerash located just near the ruins is the capital city of Jerash Governorate . It has a population of about 65,000. Recent excavations show that Jerash was inhabited during the Bronze Age and Iron Age ( 3200 BC - 1200 BC . After the Roman conquest in 63 BC , Jerash and the land surrounding it were annexed into the Roman Province of Syria , and later joined to the Decapolis. In AD 90 , Jerash was absorbed by the Roman province of Arabia , which included the city of Philadelphia (modern day Amman ). The Romans ensured security and peace in this area which enabled its people to devote their efforts and time to economic development and building activity. In the second half of the first century AD, the city of Jerash achieved great prosperity. In AD 106 , the Emperor Trajan constructed roads throughout the provinces and more trade came to Jerash. The Emperor Hadrian visited Jerash in AD 129 - 130 . A remarkable Latin inscription records a religious dedication set up by members of the imperial mounted bodyguard "wintering" there. The Triumphal Arch (or Arch of Hadrian) was built to celebrate his visit. The city finally reached a size of about 800,000 square metres within its walls. The Persian invasion in AD 614 caused the rapid decline of Jerash. However, the city continued to flourish during the Umayyad Period, as shown by recent excavations. In AD 746 , a major earthquake destroyed much of Jerash and its surroundings. During the period of the Crusades, some of the monuments were converted to fortresses including the Temple of Artemis . Small settlements continued in Jerash during the Ayyubid , Mameluk and Ottoman periods, and in 1878 , Circassians settled in the town after immigrating from their homeland in Central Asia . Excavation and restoration of Jerash has been almost continuous since the 1920 s. There are a large number of striking monuments located in Jerash: Hadrian 's Arch, a circus/ Hippodrome , two immense temples (to Zeus and Artemis ), the nearly unique oval Forum which is surrounded by a fine colonnade, a long colonnaded street, two theatres (the Large South Theatre and smaller North Theatre), two baths, a scatter of small temples and an almost complete circuit of city walls. Most of these monuments were built by donations of the city's wealthy citizens. From AD 350 , a large Christian community lived in Jerash, and between AD 400 - 600 , more than thirteen churches were built, many with superb mosaic floors. A Cathedral was built in the fourth century A.D. Today the ruins of Jerash are thoroughly excavated and excellently preserved. This has led to a nickname, the "Asian Pompeii ." Modern Jerash sprawls to the east of the ruins, sharing the same city wall but little else. The ruins have been carefully preserved and spared from encroachment. Due to its ruins, Jerash is the second-most popular tourist attraction in Jordan, closely behind the splendid ruins of Petra . EXTERNAL LINKS |
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