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Lithograph of Jacksonville.]] HISTORY Jacksonville was founded following discovery of Gold Deposits in 1851-2. With the creation of Jackson County, it became the county seat, which a role transferred to nearby Medford in 1927. Jacksonville was home to the first Chinatown in Oregon, founded by immigrants from San Francisco, California . Evidence of this otherwise forgotten chapter of history was uncovered early in March 2004 when road work uncovered artifacts dating to the 1850s and 1860s . Construction was halted while archeologists performed four days of rescue excavations. Their findings included broken Chinese bowls and tea cups, handmade bottles, and fragments of Opium paraphernalia and Chinese coins. When the gold deposits were worked out, and the railway bypassed Jacksonville in 1884, the town's economy slowed. This had the unintended benefit of preserving a number of structures, which led to Jacksonville being designated a National Historic District in 1966, covering over 100 buildings. It was cited as a: :mid-19th century inland commercial town significant for its magnificent group of surviving unaltered commercial and residential buildings. The town was the principal financial center of southern Oregon until it was bypassed by the railroad. Jacksonville is noted locally for the visit of Rutherford B. Hayes and his wife "Lemonade" Lucy Hayes , who visited the area in 1880 , staying the night in Jacksonville. More recently, it received publicity in October 2005 as the site of purchase of a Powerball lottery ticket with a $340 million payout. INSTITUTIONS AND CULTURAL EVENTS Jacksonville is home to the Britt Festival, a seasonal music festival taking place at an open-air amphitheater. The site was selected in 1963 because of the acoustic qualities of the surrounding hills. The popular concert series draws national pop, country, alternative and contemporary music acts. It is named after Peter Britt , a pioneer and owner of the land now used for Britt Park. .]] GEOGRAPHY Jacksonville is located at 42°18'52" North, 122°58'2" West (42.314456, -122.967157). According to the United States Census Bureau , the town has a total area of 4.7 Km&2 (1.8 Mi&2 ). 4.7 km&2 (1.8 mi&2) of it is land and none of the area is covered with water. DEMOGRAPHICS As of the Census of 2000, there were 2,235 people, 1,034 households, and 661 families residing in the town. The Population Density was 474.1/km&2 (1,230.7/mi&2). There were 1,102 housing units at an average density of 233.8/km&2 (606.8/mi&2). The racial makeup of the town was 96.11% White , 0.72% Native American , 0.36% Asian , 0.31% African American , 0.00% Pacific Islander , 0.40% from Other Races , and 2.10% from two or more races. 2.46% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 1,034 households out of which 22.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.4% were Married Couples living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.0% were non-families. 30.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 18.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.15 and the average family size was 2.68. Jacksonville's population is spread out with 18.9% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 20.1% from 25 to 44, 32.0% from 45 to 64, and 24.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females there were 84.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.7 males. The median income for a household in the town was $41,250, and the median income for a family was $57,333. Males had a median income of $42,917 versus $28,661 for females. Jacksonville's Per Capita Income is $28,152. 6.6% of the population and 5.3% of families were below the Poverty Line . 5.8% of those under the age of 18 and 8.6% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line. POINTS OF INTEREST EXTERNAL LINKS
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