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Independent Domain Registrar are not accredited by ICANN or have got their name spaced from IANA . They get their name space from a gTLD or ccTLD registrar by registering a domain which resembles an official hierarchy. An example of this would be to register UK.COM with Network solutions which would allow you to allocate domains like shop.uk.com. This domain resembles the equivalent issued by UKNIC shop.co.uk Most of the Independent Domain registrars operate due to having a domain which starts with a ISO 3166-1 and then is in a gTLD hierarchy such as .COM One of the factors that has permitted these Independent Domain Registrars being established is that ccTLD Registrars in many countries are very restrictive and do no answer the needs of the market they are meant to serve. Some entrepreneur aquires a domain which loooks suitable and then starts allocating domains for which it delegates authority, in the same way an official registrar does. These registrars will operate both the Registry and Registrar. In most cases they will use two companies to perform the Registry and Registrar function. The Registry will be a company which sole purpose will be to hold the data and the ownership of the top level domain. The Registrar will the company that is used for operations etc. The separation of the two gives protection to the domain registrants in such events that Registrar goes into bankruptcy, it is sued or what ever not to affect the continuity of the domains. TECHNICAL OPERATION Intependent registrars operate at a technical level identically to official domain registrars. They add two types of records to their domain hierarchies: ''Delegation records'' They are used to delegate authority for a domain to another set of name servers. The following is an example of the records that would be added to the BIND based DNS server domain IN NS ns1.uu.net. IN NS ns2.uu.net. ''Glue Records'' In the case of the NS being delegated to are within the hierarchy the registrar manages additional records will be added. Assuming the hiearchy is .hk.com the records added to ns1.domain.hk.com IN A 4.4.4.4 ns2.domain.hk.com IN A 5.5.5.5 domain IN NS ns1.domain.hk.com. IN NS ns2.domain.hk.com. WHOIS service To be able to check who is the registrant of a domain Registrars operate a service called Whois which allows a person on the internet to look up a domain registration. Independent Domain Registrars may or may not provide a whois service. Querying Independent Domain Registrars may or may not be part of the whois server hiearchy provided by Centergate . Some are registered in bw-whois HISTORY The idea for an independent global domain name registry stems from a series of conversations between one of CentralNic's original founders and the late Jon Postel , one of the founding fathers of the modern Internet. Postel suggested the use of .UK.COM to compete with .CO.UK, at a time when the proposed price of the latter was about $300. After the use of UK.COM other ISO Country codes ending in .COM where also established such as AU.COM (Australia) and HK.COM (Hong Kong) and many other countries. SEE ALSO Domain Registrar Domain Registry ICANN EXTERNAL LINKS |
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