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Huckel Method




The Hückel method was proposed by Erich Hückel in 1930. It is a very simple Molecular Orbital method for the Pi Electrons of conjugated hydrocarbon systems, such as Ethene (ethylene), Benzene , Butadiene , etc. It is the theoretical basis for the Hückel's Rule . It was later extended to conjugated molecules such as Pyridine , Pyrole and Furan that contain atoms other than carbon, known in this context as heteroatoms.

It is a very powerful educational tool and details appear in many chemistry text books.


REFERENCES


  • ''The HMO-Model and its applications: Basis and Manipulation'', E. Heilbronner and H. Bock, English translation, 1976, Verlag Chemie.


  • ''The HMO-Model and its applications: Problems with Solutions'', E. Heilbronner and H. Bock, English translation, 1976, Verlag Chemie.


  • T''he HMO-Model and its applications: Tables of Hückel Molecular Orbitals'' , E. Heilbronner and H. Bock, English translation, 1976, Verlag Chemie.


  • ''Hückel Theory for Organic Chemists'', C. A. Coulson , B. O'Leary and R. B. Mallion, Academic Press,1978.