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]] The history of Egypt is the longest continuous history, as a unified state, of any country in the world. The Nile valley forms a natural geographic and economic unit, bounded to the east and west by deserts, to the north by the sea and to the south by the Cataracts Of The Nile . The need to have a single authority to manage the waters of the Nile led to the creation of the world's first State in Egypt in about 3000 BC . Egypt's peculiar geography made it a difficult country to attack, which is why Pharaonic Egypt was for so long an independent and self-contained state. Once Egypt did succumb to foreign rule, however, it proved unable to escape from it, and for 2,300 years Egypt was governed by foreigners: Assyrians , Persians , Greeks , Romans , Byzantines , Arabs , Turks , French , and British . When Gamal Abdel Nasser ( President Of Egypt 1954–1970) remarked that he was the first native Egyptian to exercise sovereign power in the country since Pharaoh Nectanebo II , deposed by the Persians in 343 BC , he was only exaggerating slightly. In this encyclopedia, Egyptian history has been divided into seven periods: SEE ALSO EXTERNAL LINKS
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