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Archaeologists refer to the Shulaveri-Shomu Culture of the central Transcaucasus region, including modern Armenia , as the earliest known prehistoric culture in the area, carbon-dated to roughly 6000 - 4000 BC . However, a recently discovered tomb has been dated to 9000 BC . Another early culture in the Armenian Highland and surrounding areas—the Kura-Araxes Culture —is assigned the period of ca. 4000 - 2200 BC , and is believed to have subsequently developed into the Trialeti Culture (ca. 2200 - 1500 BC ). Armenians are an Indo-European race. The original Armenian name for the country was Hayq, later Hayastan, translated as the land of Haik, and consisting of the name Haik and the Persian suffix '-stan' (land). According to legend, Haik was a great-great-grandson of Noah (son of Togarmah, who was a son of Gomer, a son of Noah's son, Yafet), and according to tradition, a forefather of all Armenians. Mount Ararat, a sacred mountain for the Armenian people, rising in the center of the Armenian Highland as its highest peak, is traditionally considered the landing place of Noah 's Ark. The name Armenia was given to the country by the surrounding states, as it was the name of the strongest tribe living in the historic Armenian lands, who called themselves Armens. It is traditionally derived from Armenak or Aram (the great-grandson of Haik's great-grandson, and another leader who is, according to Armenian tradition, the ancestor of all Armenians). EARLY HISTORY The Armenian Kingdom Of Urartu ( Ararat ) or Van flourished in the Caucasus and eastern Asia Minor between ca. 800 BC and 600 BC . It streched from the Black Sea to the Caspian Sea, including much of modern Eastern Turkey. According to Strabo (XI.14.5), Armeno-Phrygians conquered Carenitis (the upper Euphrates region) from the Chalybes , probably around 600 BC. The Armenians subsequently moved to the territory of the failing kingdom of Urartu. In the 5th Century BC , when both Armenians and Phrygians served under Xerxes (during the reign of the Achaemenid Persian Empire), Herodotus tells us that their costume and equipment was still identical, and the Armenians were considered colonists of the Phrygian s. ARMENIAN KINGDOM See Also: Armenian kingdom |
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