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For the band, see Helmet


  • khelmaz'', PIE ''---kelmo-'' "a cover") is a form of Protective Clothing worn on the Head and usually made of Metal or other hard substance, such as Kevlar , resin fiber, or plastic typically for protection of the head in combat, or in civilian life, from sports injuries, falling objects or high-speed collisions.


Helmets are common in the Military , Construction , Mining and some sports, including American Football , Baseball , Ice Hockey and Rock Climbing . Motorcycle Helmet s and Bicycle Helmet s are compulsory headgear in some jurisdictions; in the United Kingdom only Sikh s are allowed to ride Motorcycle s without wearing motorcycle helmets.


HELMETS' ORIGINAL MILITARY USAGE AND SYMBOLISM


Helmets are among the most ancient forms of combat protection, and are known to have been worn by Ancient Greeks , Romans , throughout the Middle Ages , and up to the end of the 1600s by many combatants. At that time they were purely military equipment, protecting the head from cutting blows with Sword s, flying Arrow s, and low velocity musketry. They were initially constructed from Leather , but soon came to be made entirely from forged Steel after about 950A.D. Military use of helmets declined after 1670, and rifled Firearms , after 1700, ended their use by foot soldiers. 18th century cavalry units often wore steel body cuirasses, and frequently wore metal skull protectors under their hats, called "secrets".

The Napoleonic era saw the re-introduction of ornate cavalry helmets, for cuirassiers, which continued in use until the first year of WWI. However, with World War I , the use of heavy Artillery , the steel helmet made a quick comeback for foot soldiers. In the 20th Century it offered protection for the head from Shrapnel and spent or glancing bullets. The use of protective helmets by millions of fighting men in the two world wars, increased awareness of "hard hat" protection. By the 1950s hundreds of new applications for helmets were found. The helmet offered, an unexpected advantage, Symbolism .
It signifies that, like a soldier, the wearer is someone qualified to do something. You put on a "hard hat" to enter a major construction project, or an oil refinery. Clearly, in modern times, the helmet, its symbolism, and the real protection it offers, has spread far wider than the battlefield.


HELMETS' FUNCTION AND STRUCTURE


Despite various designs and requirements, helmets always protect the user's head through a mechanical energy absorption process. Therefor their structure and protective capacity are altered in high energy impacts. Beside their energy absorption capability, their volume and weight are also important issues since higher volume and weight increase the injury risk for the user's head and neck.

Classical helmets since Greeks to our days treat the head uniformely and are currently tested on rigid headforms. Anatomical helmets adapted to the inner head structure were invented by Neurosurgeons at the end of the XXth century. Since the materials are disposed according to the anatomical structure of the Head , they are smaller and lighter than the classical helmets.


  Image:Casque 501590 Fh000009jpgBack Of A "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/SPECTRA_helmet" class="copylinks">SPECTRA Helmet currently used in the French Military
  Image:GordonCooperHelmetNasajpg "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Gordon_Cooper" class="copylinks">Gordon Cooper in Helmet and Pressure Suit
  Image:PithHelmetTrumannjpg "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Pith_helmet" class="copylinks">Pith Helmet of Harry S Truman
  Image:Modern Day Football HelmetjpgAn "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/American_football" class="copylinks">American Football helmet
  Image:HelmetjpgA Helmet For Riding Horses ( "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Riding_helmet" class="copylinks">Riding Helmet )