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Authorised by Parliament in 1833 and designed by George Stephenson and Joseph Locke , it opened for business on July 4 , 1837 , running for 82 miles from Birmingham through Wolverhampton (via Perry Barr and Bescot ), Stafford , Crewe , and Warrington before joining the Liverpool And Manchester Railway at a triangular junction at Newton Junction . The GJR established its chief engineering works at Crewe , moving there from Edge Hill, Near Liverpool . Shortly after opening with a temporary Birmingham terminus at Vauxhall , services were routed to and from Curzon Street Station , which it shared with the London And Birmingham Railway (LBR) whose platforms were adjacent, providing a link between Liverpool , Manchester and London . In 1840 the GJR absorbed the '' Chester And Crewe Railway '' shortly before it opened. Seeing itself as part of a grand railway network, it encouraged the development of the '' North Union Railway '' which took the tracks onward to Preston , and it also invested in the Lancaster And Carlisle Railway and the Caledonian Railway . In 1845 the GJR merged with the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, and consolidated its position by buying the North Union Railway in association with the Manchester And Leeds Railway . The GJR was very profitable, paying dividends of at least 10% from its opening and having a final capital value of over £5.75 million when it merged with the London and Birmingham Railway and Manchester And Birmingham Railway companies to became the London And North Western Railway in 1846 . |
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