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Gorizia
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Friuli-Venezia Giulia
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Gorizia (GO)
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84
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41
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December 31 , 2004
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26,615
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863
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CET , UTC +1
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Castello, Lucinico, Oslavia, Piuma, San Mauro, Sant’Andrea, Straccis, Vallone dell'Acqua, Gradiscutta, Piedimonte, Monte Calvario, Oslavia , San Mauro
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0481
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34170
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Goriziani
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Saints Ilario and Taziano
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March 16
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Vittorio Brancati (since June 10 , 2002 )
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wwwcomunegoriziait
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(, in northeastern
Italy , on the border with
Slovenia . It is the capital of the
Province Of Gorizia , and is a local center of tourism, industry, and commerce.
In
Slovenian , ''Gorica'' means "little mountain." The city is located at the confluence of the valleys of
Isonzo and
Vipava rivers. It lies in a plain overlooked by the
Collio hills, which are renowned for the production of outstanding
Wine s. Being sheltered from the north by a mountain ridge, Gorizia is not touched by the cold winds coming from there. However, the
Bora can blow from the east. However, the city still retains a mild climate.
Originally a watchtower or a prehistoric castle, Gorizia soon became a little village near the fords of the river to Patriarch Giovanni II and to Count Verihen
Eppstein of
Friuli . The Eppsteins were succedeed by the Palatine counts of
Bavaria .
From the hamlet or superior land and the village or inferior land. The first played a political-administrative role and the second a rural-commercial role.
In the
16th Century , the County of Gorizia passed to
Austria n
Habsburg rule and the city spread out at the foot of the castle becoming, in the middle of the
18th Century , an archepiscopal see with jurisdiction over the diocesis of
Trieste ,
Trento ,
Como , and
Pedena . Around the
Baroque cathedral where many treasures of the Basilica of Aquileia had been transferred, a new quarter developed; it had a typically
18th Century appearance and inside there was also a
Synagogue , one of the many examples of the town's multi-ethnic nature. The Habsburg suzerainty was interrupted briefly by the
Venetians in
1508 -
1509 and the
French during the
Napoleonic Wars , in which it belonged to the
Illyrian Provinces . When restored to the
Austrian Empire , the county was part of the subject
Kingdom Of Illyria until
1849 when it was made a part of the
Austrian Littoral along with Trieste and
Istria . In
1861 , Gorizia along with
Gradisca D'Isonzo was reorganized as the Princely County of
Gorizia And Gradisca within Austria. During Austrian rule, Gorizia was known as the "Austrian
Nice " and was a destination which the Austrian noblemen came to sojourn in the summer months.
Italy entered
World War I on the
Allied side and conflict began with
Austria-Hungary on
24 May 1915 with Italy soon taking Gorizia. Gorizia was seriously damaged and changed hands again in
1916 as the front line ran in its area for two years with several battles fought nearby until the
Central Powers pushed the Italians back to the
Piave River in late
1917 . However, with the end of World war I in
1918 , Gorizia was retaken by Italy. At first it was part of the Governorate of
Venezia Giulia (1918-
1919 ), and later was annexed to
Veneto within the
Province Of Udine (then called the Province of
Friuli ). In
1927 Gorizia became a provincial capital within
Venezia Giulia . It was under
German administration from
1943 to
1945 , within the
Adriatic Littoral Operation Zone , and, after a brief period under
Allied control, it was returned to Italy in
1947 . Several peripherical districts (the communes of Salcano and San Pietro) together with much of the Province of Gorizia's territory, however, were handed over to the
Second Yugoslavia , placing the international border adjacent to the city. These areas became a part of
Slovenia within
Federal Yugoslavia.
Though a border city, Gorizia was not crossed by the border with capital
Vienna .
Josip Broz Tito had a new city,
Nova Gorica ("New Gorizia"), constructed in the
1948 in what is now Slovenian territory. Although the situation in Gorizia was often compared with that of
Berlin during the
Cold War , Italy and Yugoslavia had good relations on Gorizia. These included
Sport and
Cultural meetings that favoured the creation of a melting pot that still exists today. With the breakup of Yugoslavia, the frontier remained as the division between Italy and Slovenia.
- The , built within the Middle Ages walls, was once the seat of the administrative and judiciary power of the county. It is divided into the Corte dei Lanzi (with foundings of a high tower demolished in the 16th Century ), the Palazzetto dei Conti ( 13th Century ) and the Palazzetto Veneto. The Lanzi were the armed guards, the term being an Italian form of Landsknecht . The palatine Chapel , entitled to Saint Bartholomew houses canvases of the Venetian school of painting and traces of Renaissance Fresco es. There is also a Museum of the Goritian Middle Ages.
- The (originally erected in the 14th Century ), like many of the city's buildings, was almost entirely destroyed during World War I. It has been rebuilt following the forms of the 1682 edifice, a Baroque church with splendid Stucco decoration. A Gothic chapel of San Acatius is annexed to the nave.
- The most important church of Gorizia is that of St. Ignatius , built by the Jesuit s in 1680 - 1725 . It has a single nave with precious sculptures at the altars of the side chapels. In the presbitery Christoph Tausch painted a ''Glory of St. Ignatius'' in 1721 .
- The '''Palazzo Attems Petzenstein'' ( 19th Century ), designed by Ncolò Pacassi .
- The church of .
- , today seat of the archbishops.
- The Earls of Lantieri's house, which housed Emperors and popes in his history.
- The , including an art gallery.
