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Comune di Isola del Giglio
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Toscana
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Grosseto (GR)
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405
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2380
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2001
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1,553
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63
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CET , UTC +1
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Isola di Giannutri, Giglio Castello, Giglio Porto, Giglio Campese
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0564
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58010, 58012, 58013
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Gigliesi
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San Mamiliano
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September 15
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Attilio Brothel (since June 2004 )
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is a commune site on the omonymous island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, off the coast of
Tuscany , part of the
Province Of Grosseto .
The island is separated by a 16 km stretch of sea from the s culminating in the Poggio della Pagana (496 m). 90% of its surface is covered by Mediterranean vegetation alternating with large pine forests and numerous vineyards which enable the production of the famous "Ansonaco" wine. The coast is 27 km long, made up of rocks, of smooth cliffs and several suggestive bays: Arenella, Cannelle, Caldane and Campese, the biggest one with its little homonymous village.
The modern island was probably born 4.5 - 5 millions years ago, and was inhabited since the Iron Age. Later it was probably an
Etruscan military stronghold. Under the
Roman domination it was an important base in the Tyrrhenian Sea, cited, for example, by
Julius Caesar in his ''
De Bello Gallico '' and by the poet
Rutilius Namatianus .
In 805 it was donated by
Charlemagne to the abbey of the Tre Fontane in Rome, and was later a possession of
Aldobrandeschi ,
Pannocchieschi ,
Caetani ,
Orsini families and the commune of
Perugia . In
1241 the Sicilian fleet of
Emperor Frederick II destroyed a Genoese fleet. From 1264 Giglio was a
Pisa ne dominion, from which it passed to the Medici. It suffered several Saracen attacks, which ended only in 1799.
Alongside its history the island was always renowned for his minerary resources: many columns and edifices in Rome were built with the Gigliese
Granite .
The island houses the remains of a of Domitius Aenobarbus (1st-2nd centuries AD), in the area of Giglio Porto. No traces of the Temple of Diana once existing now can be seen. The church of San Pietro Apostolo in Giglio Castello has an ivory crucifix attributed to
Giambologna
It is also site of a
Etruscan Shipwreck , dating to the early
Iron Age , ca. 600 BC. The cargo of the ship included
Copper and
Lead ingots,
Iron spits,
Amphora e and a
Corinth ian helmet. Even a wooden writing tablet with stylus was preserved. The finds are almost completely lost now.
Isola del Giglio is connected to Tuscany by ferries starting from
Porto Santo Stefano and
Orbetello Scalo .
