Information AboutGallipoli |
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| headlands of turkey | |
| gelibolu | |
| Çanakkale | |
| battle of gallipoli | |
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Gallipoli, called '''Gelibolu''' in modern . The name derives from the Greek ''Kallipolis'', meaning "Beautiful City". It is located on the Gallipoli Peninsula (Gelibolu Yarımadası), with the Aegean Sea to the west and the Dardanelles straits to the east. The Gallipoli Peninsula was known as "Chersonesus Thracica" in ancient times. The peninsula which was inhabited by populations of the Byzantine Empire was gradually conquered by the Ottoman Empire starting from 13th Century onwards until The 15th . The Greeks living there were allowed to continue their everyday life. The peninsula did not see any more wars up until World War I when the British Empire allies trying to find a way to reach their troubled ally in the east, Imperial Russia , decided to try to obtain passage to the east. The Ottomans set up defensive fortifications along the peninsula with German help. BATTLE OF GALLIPOLI See Also: Battle of Gallipoli In Australia , New Zealand and Newfoundland , Gallipoli is the name given to the Allied Campaign on the peninsula during World War I , usually known in Britain as the Dardanelles Campaign and in Turkey as the Battle of Çanakkale. This was an attempt to push through the Dardanelles and capture Istanbul . On April 25 , 1915 , as part of an allied force of British and French troops, the Australian And New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) landed at a small bay at the western end of the Peninsula (today officially called Anzac Cove ). The campaign was relatively successful for the Turks and the Germans and a catastrophe for Russia which eventually would lead to civil war partly due to this unsuccessful campaign. The ANZACs evacuated on December 19 , 1915 and the other elements of the invasion force a little later. There were around 180,000 Allied casualties and 220,000 Turkish casualties. This campaign has become a " Founding Myth " for both Australia and New Zealand , and Anzac Day is still commemorated as a holiday in both countries. Many mementos of the Gallipoli campaign can be seen in the museum at the Australian War Memorial in Canberra , Australia and at the Auckland War Memorial Museum in Auckland , New Zealand. This campaign also put a dent in the armour of Winston Churchill , then the First Lord Of The Admiralty , who had commissioned the plans to invade the Dardanelles. He talks about this campaign vividly in his memoirs. A small artillery dispatchment was sent by Greece to aid the battle, led by Antonios Georgiadis (in some accounts Antonios Pispas, as he later changed his surname.) The Gallipoli campaign also gave an important boost to the career of Mustafa Kemal , who was at that time a little-known army commander. Kemal exceeded his authority and contravened orders in order to halt the Allied advance and eventually drive them back. He went on to found the modern Turkish state after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire . The Battle of Gallipoli is the subject of a 1981 Movie , entitled Gallipoli , directed by Peter Weir and starring Mel Gibson . The film has been criticised for portraying the campaign as a mainly Australian one. In fact twice as many British troops died at Gallipoli than ANZACs. Eric Bogle wrote in 1972 his famous "And the band played Waltzing Matilda" after having watched in Australia a parade of elderly veterans of the Gallipoli campaign. A version of this song was later recorded by June Tabor and The Pogues . The campaign is also the subject of a 2005 Documentary , also named Gallipoli , by the Turkish filmmaker Tolga Örnek , showing the bravery and the suffering on both sides through the use of surviving diaries and letters of the soldiers. For this film he has been awarded an honorary medal in the general division of the Order of Australia. {Link without Title} |
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