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Gale Ann Norton (born March 11 , 1954 ) served as the 48th United States Secretary Of The Interior , serving under President George W. Bush . She was the first woman to hold this position. She announced her resignation from this post on March 10 , 2006 , and stepped down at the end of the month. On March 16 , 2006, Bush nominated Idaho Governor Dirk Kempthorne to be her successor. Deputy Interior Secretary Lynn Scarlett will serve as acting secretary pending Kempthorne's confirmation by the United States Senate . EARLY LIFE AND CAREER Norton graduated '' Magna Cum Laude '' and Phi Beta Kappa from the University Of Denver in 1975 and earned her Juris Doctor degree with honors from the same university in 1978 . She is married to John Hughes. In the late 1970s , she was a member of the Libertarian Party and was nearly selected as its national director in 1980 . Norton has been associated with a number of groups in the " Wise Use " or " Free-market Environmentalist " movement, such as the Political Economy Research Center, of which she is a fellow. As a lawyer, Norton wrote about some industries' "right to pollute." She also worked as Assistant to the Deputy Secretary of Agriculture and, from 1979 to 1983 , as a Senior Attorney for the Mountain States Legal Foundation . POLITICAL CAREER From 1991 to 1999 , Norton served as Attorney General of Colorado . Prior to her election as Colorado Attorney General, Norton served in Washington, D.C. as Associate Solicitor of the United States Department Of The Interior , overseeing endangered species and public lands legal issues for the National Park Service and the Fish And Wildlife Service . In 1996 , she was a candidate for the Republican nomination for the U.S. Senate , but was defeated by then-Congressman Wayne Allard , in part. It has been suggested that her Pro-choice position contributed to her defeat. Before being named Interior Secretary in 2001 , Norton was senior counsel at Brownstein, Hyatt & Farber, P.C., a Denver -based law firm. The firm was listed with the U.S. Congress as a Lobbyist for NL Industries, formerly known as National Lead Company. In 2004 , Norton was mentioned as a possible candidate for the U.S. Senate in her home state of Colorado, after the incumbent, Ben Nighthorse Campbell , decided to Retire . However, she ultimately decided against it, and the seat was won by Democrat Ken Salazar . JACK ABRAMOFF CONTROVERSY '', March 13 , 2005 In a February 2002 letter to Secretary of the Interior Gale Norton, , accessed March 17 , 2006 ELECTORAL HISTORY
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