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HISTORY The area of present-day Fayetteville was inhabited by various Siouan Native American peoples such as the Eno, Shakori, Waccamaw, Keyauwee, and Cape Fear Indians for more than 12,000 years. After the violent upheavals of the Yamasee and Tuscarora Wars during the second decade of the eighteenth century, the administration of North Carolina colony encouraged colonial settlement along the upper Cape Fear River , the only navigable waterway entirely within North Carolina . Two inland settlements, Cross Creek, and the riverfront settlement of Campbellton were established by Scots from Campbellton , Argyll And Bute , Scotland . After the American Revolutionary War , the two towns were united and renamed in honor of Gilbert Du Motier, Marquis De La Fayette . GEOGRAPHY Fayetteville is located at 35°04'00" North, 78°55'03" West (35.066663, -78.917579). According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 155.3 Km&2 (60.0 Mi&2 ). 152.2 km&2 (58.8 mi&2) of it is land and 3.1 km&2 (1.2 mi&2) of it is water. The total area is 1.98% water. Areas of Fayetteville Arden Forest, Arlington Plantation, Arran Lakes West, Ascot, Ashton Forest, Bayfield, Baytree, Baywood, Beaver Creak, Beaver Run, Belmont, Birch Creek, Black's Bridge, Bordeaux, Borden Heights, Braxton Hills, Brettonwood Hills, Briarwood Hills, Bridlewood, Brightmoor, Buckhead, Cambridge, Clifton Forge, College Downs, Cottonade, Country Club Hills, Cypress Lakes, Devonwood, Edenroc, Elk Run, Ellerslie, Englewood, Englewood Forest, Eutaw, Evergreen Estates, Foxfire, Furlong, Gallup Acres, Gates Four, Gilcrest Sands, Glenbrook, Greenwood Homes, Heritage Heights, Hillendale, Hillendale West, Holly Springs, Hollywood, Hollywood Heights, Jack's Ford, Kensington Village, King's Grant, Kingsford, Kinwood, Lagrange, Loch Lomond, Locks Creek, Mallard Creek, Manchester Forest, Middle Creek, Middleton Plantation, Montclair, Montibello, Murray Fork, Myrtle Hill, North Hills, Oakdale, Pebble Creek, Pinewood Lakes, Ponderosa, Porter Place, Qualridge, Raintree, Rayconda, Remington, River Field, Robinwood Estates, Sandy Pines, Scotsdale, Shenandoah, Southgate, Summer Hill, Tallywood, The Cove, The Lakes, Three Lakes, Tiffany Pines, Timberlake, Tranquil Acres, Vanstory Hills, Waters Edge, Wells Place, Welmar, Wendemere, Wheatland, Windy Pines Colleges and universities
DEMOGRAPHICS As of the Census of 2000, there were 121,015 people, 48,414 households, and 31,662 families residing in the city. The Population Density was 795.0/km&2 (2,059.2/mi&2). There were 53,565 housing units at an average density of 351.9 persons/km&2 (911.5 persons/mi&2). The racial makeup of the city was 48.76% White, 42.42% African American , 1.10% Native American , 2.19% Asian , 0.22% Pacific Islander, 2.53% from other races, and 2.78% from two or more races. 5.67% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 48,414 households out of which 31.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.7% were Married Couples living together, 17.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.6% were non-families. 28.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.96. In the city the population was spread out with 25.4% under the age of 18, 12.7% from 18 to 24, 31.2% from 25 to 44, 19.7% from 45 to 64, and 11.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 91.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.7 males. The median income for a household in the city was $36,287, and the median income for a family was $41,210. Males had a median income of $30,493 versus $23,477 for females. The Per Capita Income for the city was $19,141. 14.8% of the population and 11.7% of families were below the Poverty Line . 21.4% of those under the age of 18 and 14.4% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line. A 15-month fight came to an end — at least for now — on Sept. 30, 2005 when Fayetteville annexed 27 square miles and 46,000 residents. Affected residents and developers had blocked the annexation for more than a year with three lawsuits. They lost in the state Court of Appeals in June. The court ruled the challenges were filed after the deadline. The law requires all challenges to be filed within 60 days of when a municipality adopts an annexation ordinance. When the state Supreme Court refused to consider an appeal, the city went ahead with its plans. A request for the U.S. Supreme Court to review the case is pending, and a decision may come in January. TRANSPORTATION
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