Information AboutFmln |
| CATEGORIES ABOUT FARABUNDO MARTí NATIONAL LIBERATION FRONT | |
| political parties in el salvador | |
| farabundo marti national liberation front | |
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The Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (in coalition of revolutionary movements that was established in El Salvador in 1980 . During twelve years FMLN led a campaign of Guerrilla Warfare against the government. Today, this former guerrilla organization has become a major Political Party of the country. In the 12 March 2006 Legislative Election , the party won 39,7% of the popular vote and 32 out of of 84 seats. HISTORY The forming of the El Salvador Communist Party in 1930's Cayetano Carpio , Schafik Handal and Ana Maria were the top leaders of the party and they went into exile due to the unlawful military administration governments activities. Civil war , a prominent FMLN leader]] Influenced by the Nicaraguan revolutionary group FSLN (Sandinistas), leftist movements mounted and resulted in the formation of various guerilla socialist groups within El Salvador. On December 17 , 1979 , in period of national crisis, the three dominant organizations (FPL, RN and PCS) in El Salvador formed the Coordinadora Político-Militar. The CPM's first manifesto was released on January 10 , 1980 , and the day afterwards the Coordinadora Revolucionaria De Masas was formed as a union of revolutionary mass organizations. CRM later merged with the Frente Democrático Salvadoreño to form the Frente Democrático Revolucionario . Unity among the various factions, encompassing a variety of was not immediate. Some credit for the coalition may belong to Cuba's Fidel Castro, who facilitated negotiation between the various guerilla groups in Havana, December 1979. Prior to the actions of Castro these groups remained scattered due to their diversity of origin being that of Maoist, pro-Soviet, and pro-Cuban views. On May 22 , 1980 the success of negotiations led to the union of the major guerilla forces under one flag. The Unified Revolutionary Directorate Dirección Revolucionaria Unificada was created by the FPL, RN, ERP and PCS. DRU consisted of three Political Commission members from each of these four organizations. The DRU manifesto declared, "There will be only one leadership, only one military plan and only one command, only one political line." Despite continued infighting DRU succeeded in coordinating the group's efforts and equipped forces. On October 10 , 1980 the four organizations formed the Frente Farabundo Martí de Liberación Nacional (FMLN). In December of the same year, the Salvadoran branch of the Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores Centroamericanos broke away from its central organization and affiliated itself to FMLN. Thus the following organizations composed FMLN (listed in the order of size at the time of the peace accords in 1992):
Youth organizations of FMLN at the time of armed struggle included:
After the formation of the front, FMLN launched a major military offensive on January 10 , 1981 and failed. During this assault FMLN's goal was set to primarily establish operational control over the Morazan department and declare it a liberated territory. However the mission objective failed due to lack of guerilla support amongst Salvadorans and lack of training, resources and a prematurely calculated strike. It was within this futile battle that FMLN found it's place within the controversial light that it remains within to this day. The organization was named for the rebel leader Farabundo Martí , who led workers and peasants in an uprising to transform Salvadoran society after the devastation caused by the eruption of the volcano Izalco in 1932 . In response, the Military Regime led by General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez , who had seized power in a 1931 Coup , launched an effective but brutal counterinsurgency campaign that saw 30,000 suspected guerrillas and Martí supporters killed. LEGAL OPPOSTION After the ceasefire established by the 1992 Chapultepec Peace Accords , the FMLN became a legal electoral party. At the last Legislative Elections , held on 16 march 2003, the party won 34.0% of the popular vote and 31 out of 84 seats in the Legislative Assembly Of El Salvador , becoming the political force with most congress members. Its candidate at the Presidential Election of March 21 , 2004 , Schafik Jorge Handal , won 35.6% and was defeated by Antonio Elías "Tony" Saca of the Nationalist Republican Alliance . However, many powerful images provided by the actions of FMLN during the civil war, current day associations (as right winged government attacks have been linking FMLN to notorious gangs such as the Mara Salvatrucha and Mara 18 and highlighting its credible ties with Cuba) and political actions taken by supporters of FMLN that have involved violent protests and destruction of public property have provided effortless ammunition for opposing political campaigns. Such images have been utilized and deemed by opposing political parties as justifiable, concrete evidence of the right winged accusations held against FMLN's controversial movement. Other opinions within the country clearly express hope within the actions of FMLN as their campaign is focused on the socialist aspects of assisting the repressed populations affected by extreme poverty and the ever decreasing natural resources within El Salvador. Evidence suggesting a biased opinion painted against FMLN by opposing powers has surfaced within investigations following the civil war. According to the 1993 United Nations' Truth Commission report, over 96% of the human rights violations carried out during the war were committed by the Salvadoran military or the paramilitary death squads, while 3.5% were committed by the FMLN. These statistics however, still remain to be highly debated. FMLN's political involvement within the past and it's political credibility for the future remains to be a highly debated topic, recently highlighted within current elections and the death of FMLN leader Shafick Handal. SEE ALSO EXTERNAL LINKS |
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