| Education Act 1944 |
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The tripartite system consisted of three different types of secondary school: grammar schools; secondary technical schools; and secondary modern schools. To assess which pupils should attend which school, they took an exam known as the 11 plus. The system was intended to allocate pupils to the schools best suited to their “abilities and aptitudes”, but in practice the number of grammar schools, for the academically inclined, remained unchanged, and few technical schools were ever established. As a result, most pupils went to secondary modern schools, whether they were suitable or not, while most funding went to grammar schools. The Act renamed the Board of Education as the Ministry of Education, giving it greater powers and a bigger budget; ended fee-paying for state secondary schools; and enforced the division between primary (5-11 years old) and secondary (11-15 years old) that many local authorities had already introduced. It also proposed raising the school-leaving age to 16, a measure that was not followed through until 1972; and provided for community colleges, offering education for both children and adults, a measure that was never followed through except in Cambridgeshire. This Act also introduced compulsory prayer into all state-funded schools on a daily basis - and this clause was amended in 1988, when the prayer was reinforced to be of a Christian message and that it could now take place in classes, rather than the previous system of conducting worship in assemblies. |
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