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Eduard Limonov (Russian Эдуард Вениаминович Лимонов, real name '''Eduard Veniaminovich Savenko''') is a Russia n Nationalist writer and dissident, and is the founder and leader of Russia's unregistered National Bolshevik Party . He was convicted in 2002, despite the protests of several Duma members, for illegally purchasing weapons, and served almost 2 years in jail. EARLY LIFE Limonov grew up in Kharkov . In the early 1970s he was a poet in Moscow , and achieved a degree of success before being stripped of his citizenship and expelled from the Soviet Union . He arrived in New York City in 1974 as an émigré and began writing novels. He fell in with the New York punk and avante-garde scene, acquiring an admiration for Lou Reed . In 1982, he moved to Paris , and quickly became active in French literary circles. He was also granted French citizenship, and his Russian citizenship was restored by Mikhail Gorbachev . WRITING Limonov's works are noted for their cynicism. His novels are also memoirs, describing his experiences as a youth in Russia and as émigré in the United States. As a young writer he was described by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn as "a little insect who writes pornography", while Limonov described Solzhenitsyn as a traitor to his homeland who contributed to the downfall of the USSR. Russian film director and screenwriter Aleksandr Veledinskii 's 2004 feature film ''Russkoe'' ("Russian") is based on Limonov's writings. Since the late 1990's, Limonov has been a regular contributor to '' The EXile '', an English-language newspaper in Moscow. This is the only known source where Limonov has written articles in English. When he joined as a contributor, he specifically asked the editors of the paper that they preserve his "terrible Russian English style". Although most of his featured articles are political, he also writes on many topics, including "advice for ambitious youngsters". POLITICAL CAREER In implication of their name, the party's views are Russian Nationalist . Although the group never managed to obtain an official party status, it remains active in protests on various social and political issues, in particular harshly criticizing the regime of Vladimir Putin . In 1996 a Russian court judged in a hearing that the NBP paper ''Limonka'' had disseminated illegal and immoral information: "in essence, E. V. Limonov (Savenko) is an advocate of revenge and mass terror, raised to the level of state policy." The court decided to recommend issuing an official warning to Limonka, to investiage the possibility of examine whether Limonov could be held legally responsible, and to publish its decision in ''Rossiiskaia gazeta''. {Link without Title}
Limonov was jailed in April, 2001 on charges of members Vladimir Zhirinovsky , Alexei Mitrofanov and Vasily Shandybin for his release. He maintained that the charges were ridiculous and politically motivated, but was convicted and sententced to four years imprisonment for the arms purchasing, while the other charges were dropped.[http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/7245-11.cfm] He served almost two years before being parolled for good behavior.[http://english.pravda.ru/main/18/88/352/10294_limonov.html] Limonov is a strong supporter of Serbia and achieved notoriety by joining a sniper patrol in Bosnia-Herzegovina during the civil war in Yugoslavia . He has at times talked about the need for the use of "Serbian tactics" to regain areas of the former Soviet Union that have large Russian populations. Limonov has listed amongst his idols Joseph Stalin , Mikhail Bakunin , Julius Evola and Yukio Mishima . He has counted Alain De Benoist amongst his political allies. He was initially an ally of Vladimir Zhirinovsky and was named as Security Minister in a shadow cabinet formed by Zhirinovsky in 1992. However Limonov soon tired of Zhirinovsky's over the top political stunts and split from him, writing the book "Limonov against Zhirinovsky". On April 1 , 2005 , American Newspaper '' The Wall Street Journal '' published an article about Limonov and his party. Entitled "Extreme Movement: In Russia, Group Takes Radical Steps To Defy Kremlin", the article is somewhat of a rarity, as Limonov and the National Bolsheviks rarely get any press in the United States. SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
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