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The Dewey Decimal Classification ('''DDC''', also called the '''Dewey Decimal System''') is a system of Library Classification developed by Melvil Dewey in 1876 , and since greatly modified and expanded in the course of the twenty-two major revisions, the most recent in 2004 . Note. This classification system is completely unrelated to the (similarly sounding) Duodecimal System , a numeral system using twelve as its base. HOW IT WORKS The DDC attempts to organize all knowledge into ten main classes that, excluding the first class (000 Computers, information and general reference), proceed from the divine (philosophy and religion) to the mundane (history and geography). DDC's cleverness is in choosing Decimal s for its categories; this allows it to be both purely numerical and infinitely hierarchical. It also is a Faceted Classification , combining elements from different parts of the structure to construct a number representing the subject content (often combining two subject elements with linking numbers and geographical and temporal elements) and form of an item rather than drawing upon a list containing each class and its meaning. Except for general works and Fiction , works are classified principally by subject, with extensions for subject relationships, place, time or type of material, producing classification numbers of not less than three digits but otherwise of indeterminate length with a decimal point before the fourth digit, where present (e.g. 330 for Economics + 94 for Europe = 330.94 European economy; 973 for United States + 005 form division for Periodical s = 973.005, periodicals concerning the United States generally); classmarks are to be read as numbers, in the order: 050, 220, 330.973, 331 etc. Any letter should be read as preceding any number that might have occupied the same character position, so "330.94 A" would come before 330.943. The system uses ten main classes, which are then further subdivided. Each main class has ten divisions and each division has ten sections. Hence the system can be neatly summarized in 10 main classes, 100 divisions and 1000 sections. It is a common misconception that all books in the DDC are non-fiction. However, the DDC has a number for all books, including those that generally become their own section of fiction. If DDC rules are strictly followed, American fiction is classified in 813. Some libraries create a separate fiction section because of the space that would be taken up in the 800s. DDC COMPARED TO OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS DDC's numbers formed the basis of the more expressive but complex Universal Decimal Classification , which combines the basic Dewey numbers with selected punctuation marks (comma, colon, parentheses etc.). Despite its frequent revision, DDC is widely considered theoretically inferior to other more modern systems which make freer use of alphabetical characters to produce shorter classmarks for concepts of equal complexity, though it continues to offer a more expressive format than the Library Of Congress Classification developed shortly afterward. OWNERSHIP The Online Computer Library Center acquired the trademark and any copyrights associated with the Dewey Decimal System when it bought Forest Press in 1988 . OCLC classifies new books and maintains the classification system. In September 2003 , the OCLC sued the Library Hotel for trademark infringement. The settlement was that the OCLC would allow the Library Hotel to use the system in its hotel and marketing. In exchange, the Hotel would acknowledge the Center's ownership of the trademark and make a donation to a nonprofit organization promoting reading and literacy among children. CLASSES The system is made up of ten main classes or categories, each divided into 10 secondary classes or subcategories, each having 10 subdivisions of its own. Only the top-level classes and secondary classes are listed here. 000 – Computer science, information, and general works
100 – Philosophy and psychology
200 – Religion
300 – Social sciences
400 – Language
500 – Science
600 – Technology
700 – Arts and recreation
800 – Literature
900 – History and geography
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