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A curb extension (or also '''kerb extension''', '''bulb-out''', '''curb bulge''' and '''blister''') is a Traffic Calming measure, intended to slow the speed of Traffic and increase driver awareness, particularly in built-up and residential Neighbourhood s.

A curb extension comprises an angled narrowing of the roadway and a widening of the Sidewalk (pavement in UK usage). This is often accompanied by an area of enhanced restrictions (such as a "no stopping" or "no Parking " zone) and the appropriate visual reinforcement. This is achieved using Paint ed road markings (e.g. lines, coloured areas, or Chevron s), barriers, Bollard s, or the addition of pavement or Street Furniture (e.g. planters, Lamp Standards , or Benches ).

Curb extensions are often used in combination with other traffic calming measures such as Chicane s, Speed Bump s, or Rumble Strip s, and are frequently sited to "guard" Pedestrian Crossing s. In these cases the "squeeze" effect of the narrowed roadway shortens the exposed distance Pedestrian s must walk.

Curb extensions can pose a hazard to Cyclist s, as they force cyclists from their position at the road side (or in a roadside Bike Lane ) into the narrowed gap. Consequently, many curb extensions are built with the bike lane passing through (making the extension an island, separated from the main sidewalk by a narrow bike lane).

Curb extensions are also used in a number of special circumstances:
  • To provide additional horizontal space to allow retrofitting of existing sidewalks with ramps, where the sidewalk would otherwise be too narrow.

  • To provide additional protection for pedestrians (particularly Child ren) when leaving Premise s. The curb extension contains a pedestrian barrier, prevending pedestrians from Running straight from the premises over the road.

  • In combination with a controlled urban parking scheme, where Parking Space s are shielded from oncoming traffic by the extended sidewalk element.

  • At a four-way ( Signalled ) Intersection , to slow and calm traffic, particularly fast traffic turning from a major to a minor road.

  • To protect passengers embarking and particularly disembarking from Tram s, Bus es, and level-grade urban Light Rail systems, particularly when retrofitting existing Street s.


Curb extensions are also used when Retrofit ting existing streets to accommodate Congestion Charging schemes - hitherto wide (sometimes multi- Lane ) roads are deliberately narrowed to ensure that the charging equipment can see passing vehicles, and the charging equipment (and often bollards or other barrier devices) are placed in the expanded sidewalk area (to prevent drivers from circumventing the charging system's Camera s and detectors).

To facilitate Street Sweeping , the internal and external curvatures of the extended curb section are moderately graduated.


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