| Company Of One Hundred Associates |
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| CATEGORIES ABOUT COMPANY OF ONE HUNDRED ASSOCIATES | |
| defunct companies of france | |
| new france | |
| economic history of canada | |
| chartered companies | |
| trading companies | |
| 1627 establishments | |
| 1663 disestablishments | |
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From 1613 to 1620, the ''Compagnie des Marchands'' operated in New France but as a result of a breach of their contract, lost their rights in 1621 to the ''Compagnie de Montmorency''. However, in 1627, Cardinal Richelieu replaced this company with the Company of One Hundred Associates (''Compagnie des Cent-Associés''), ensuring that not only the State benefited, but that the Roman Catholic Church would as well. The Company of One Hundred Associates, owned by bourgeoisie merchants and aristocratic court and church officials, was granted a complete monopoly over the fur trade and a limited monopoly of other commercial exploits in New France, a territory that encompassed all of Acadia , Quebec , Newfoundland , and the Louisiana Territory . Under the Ancien Regime in France, every community was governed by a lord and a priest plus a magistrate appointed only with the lord and priest’s concurrence. A such, a component of the Cardinal Richelieu charter given the Company of One Hundred Associates provided for Roman Catholic priests to be part of all settlements and explorations and priests were given governing authority in conjunction with any appointed Intendants . The charter also required the company to bring an average of 160 settlers to New France over the next twenty five years and to support their settlement for the first three years. From the start, the Company of One Hundred Associates encountered numerous difficulties with its exploitation of New France including territorial battles with the British. By 1631 the company had to find new investors willing to accept the risks. In order to attract people and capital, the company had to allocate portions of its trading monopoly to new subsidiary companies. These subsidiary partners, such as the ''Compagnie des Habitants'' in Quebec, were made up of wealthy members of the elite from various parts of France. Nevertheless, over the ensuing two decades this concept too had very limited success and France turned its attention to more important things in 1635 when it joined the Thirty Years' War in Europe . Discontent with settlers in Quebec over the Company of One Hundred Associates total control of the fur trade caused numerous problems and matters worsened during the 1650s when war with the Iroquois First Nations severely hampered the fur trade and threatened continued colonization. Unable to deal with the numerous and ongoing difficulties, in 1663 the Company of One Hundred Associates surrendered its charter. |
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