Characters In The Southern Victory Series

Books in the series

''How Few Remain'' (1997) - ''HFR''

''The Great War: American Front'' (1998) - ''GW:AF''

''The Great War: Walk in Hell'' (1999) - ''GW:WH''

''The Great War: Breakthroughs'' (2000) - ''GW:B''

''American Empire: Blood and Iron'' (2001) - ''AE:BI''

''American Empire: The Center Cannot Hold'' (2002) - ''AE:CCH''

''American Empire: The Victorious Opposition'' (2003) - ''AE:VO''

''Settling Accounts: Return Engagement'' (2004) - ''SA:RE''

''Settling Accounts: Drive to the East'' (2005) - ''SA:DE''

''Settling Accounts: The Grapple'' (due July 25, 2006)

''Settling Accounts: In at the Death'' (expected in 2007)

UNITED STATES

Abell, John

(GW:AF-SA:DE)

John Abell is the archetypical General Staff officer. He served on the U.S. Army General Staff from the Great War, when he was a major, to the 1941 War, when he was a brigadier general. Abell disliked many of the tactics and operations proposed by Irving Morrell, but the two men shared a hatred of the Confederacy and a wary respect for each other's abilities.

Blackford, Hosea

(HFR, GW:B-AE:VO)

Hosea Blackford was first introduced in a train ride across the northern Great Plains while talking with former President (representing Dakota) he became friendly with freshman Congresswoman Flora Hamburger, developing a romantic relationship. They ultimately married despite religious and political differences--He was considered a moderate Socialist, she an unapologetic radical.

In 1920 , he was asked by Upton Sinclair to be the Socialist party nominee to be the Vice President. The Socialists won the 1920 election, defeating Democrat Teddy Roosevelt . Upton Sinclair and Hosea Blackford were re-elected in 1924. Blackford described the job as being a "$12,000 a year hatrack."

In ''), in honor of the failure of the Blackford Presidency. In response he passed make-work legislation, but nothing helped.

Things were made even worse for Blackford in 1932 when the USS Remembrance caught a disguised Japan ese ship supplying weapons to Canada 's resistance. The Japanese attacked the Remembrance, and the Pacific War began. The war destroyed Blackford's hopes of reelection, especially during a rally for Blackford in Los Angeles when the Japanese carry out a successful Raid on the city.

Blackford was easily defeated by Calvin Coolidge for the Presidential spot in 1932. He retired to Dakota, and then returned to New York and Philadelphia with his wife, Flora, when she was elected to Congress. He died in 1937. He and Flora had one son, Joshua.

Bliss, Luther

(GW:WH, GW:B, AE:CCH, SA:RE)

Luther Bliss was a Kentuckian who became head of the Kentucky State Police (some would say the state's Secret Police force) during the Great War. He was instrumental in persuading a rump legislature to petition for re-entry into the United States. During the years before the war, Bliss used his power effectively and ruthlessly to crack down on black Marxists and Confederate saboteurs. He left when Kentucky voted to rejoin the Confederate States, but returned to Covington during the 1941 war to coordinate sabotage missions against Confederate armed forces.

Carsten, Sam

(Viewpoint character, GW:AF-SA:DE)

Sam Carsten was a member of a 5-inch gun crew on the battleship ''USS Dakota'' during the Great War . He took part in a landing party that overran the British seaborne defenses at Pearl Harbor, Sandwich Islands , as well as serving in the Battle Of The Three Navies . After the war, he was transferred to the aircraft carrier '' USS Remembrance '', where he served as a gun captain in suppressing the pro-British rebellion in Ulster .

Carsten was selected to Officer Candidate School and was commissioned in 1924. He served as a damage-control officer aboard the ''Remembrance'' during the Pacific War , and remained with the ship until 1941, when it was sunk during the American defeat off Midway .

Carsten was then selected as commanding officer of the destroyer escort ''USS Josephus Daniels'', which served a number of duties on the eastern coast of North America, including launching Marine Corps commando raids on the Confederate coast to capture a working Y-range (radar) station, similar to this timeline's commando raid by the British on Bruneval, France , and intercepting British attempts to land arms to Newfoundland rebels.

Dowling, Abner

(Viewpoint character, GW:AF-SA:DE)

Abner Dowling was a major in the US Army in 1914, serving as Lieutenant General George Custer 's adjutant. Physically overweight, Dowling was the butt of many of Custer's jokes, and his rather-good judgment on military matters overlooked or denounced as "stupid" by the 75-year old war hero, who used his First Army as a commander would use the obsolete cavalry: charge straight at the target and full steam ahead. Dowling recognized that strategy as costly and inefficient, but could only influence Custer indirectly.

After three years of brutal advancing through western Kentucky and into northern Tennessee, First Army stood in front of Nashville. Custer, following the advice of Colonel . The First Army then captured Nashville and was planning a march on Murfreesboro when the Confederates asked for an armistice.

Following the end of the Great War, Dowling was promoted to lieutenant colonel, and Custer to full general. After stewing like cabbages in War Department offices, Custer and Dowling were transferred to Winnipeg , Manitoba, which had been set up by the victorious Americans as the capital of Occupied Canada . Custer became governor-general and ruled with an iron fist, while Dowling typed his reports. Following several assassination attempts by a Canadian farmer named Arthur MacGregor , Custer was forced to retire, and Dowling went to Philadelphia for his next assignment - which turned out to be the post of army-commandant of Salt Lake City with rank of colonel.

For years the Utah Troubles had been plaguing the US government, and Dowling was just another military bureaucrat to the Mormon citizens. Following the assassination of Governor-general John Pershing (the army-commandant of occupied Utah), Dowling became the military governor. After several more years of this harrowing job, military rule in the state was lifted and Dowling was reassigned once more. As his experience in Utah was unique among most of his peers, Dowling became the head of US military forces fighting Freedom Party rebels in Kentucky. After the Richmond Agreement of June 1940 between Presidents Smith and Featherston, a plebiscite took place and Kentucky voted for a return to the Confederacy. With war clouds between North and South looming, the now-brigadier general became commander of the Army of Ohio, in charge of defending the Midwest.

On June 22, 1941, the Confederates began the 1941 War by invading Ohio with barrels and troops. Being unsupplied and unsupported by the War Department, the Army of Ohio was rolled back as the Confederates blitzed to Sandusky, Ohio, on the south shore of Lake Erie, cutting the USA in half. Dowling of course was blamed for the disaster, but with War Department assistance, he appeared before the Congressional Committee on the Joint Conduct of the War, and pointed out the budget cuts of the Sinclair and Blackford Administrations as a significant cause of the U.S. defeat. Instead of being cashiered in disgrace, he was placed under the command of Daniel MacArthur, who led an inept counterattack in northern Virginia. Dowling managed to prevent George Patton , his nemesis from the Ohio front, from striking MacArthur's rear, saving the Rappahannock front from destruction as MacArthur pushed south.

1942 found Brigadier General Dowling being promoted to Major General, then being put charge of the 11th Army headquartered in Clovis, New Mexico. The 11th Army began an offensive into West Texas to coincide with the U.S. counter-attack around Pittsburgh.

Driver, Cincinnatus

(Viewpoint character, GW:AF-SA:DE)

Born in Covington, Confederate Kentucky, Cincinnatus worked as a delivery driver before the Great War, which in itself was suspicious to many whites, who did not want black men to drive. When Covington was overrun by U.S. forces, Cincinnatus found himself working for Lieutenant Straubing as a military driver, but also being a pawn in the intelligence game between Confederate, black Marxist and U.S. forces in Kentucky.

Following the Great War, Cincinnatus took the surname "Driver" (blacks in the Confederacy were not allowed surnames) and moved to Des Moines, Iowa, where he set up business as a hauler. He was briefly lured back to Kentucky by Luther Bliss and arrested by the Kentucky State Police head, but freed due to the legal efforts of attorney Clarence Darrow .

Driver returned to Kentucky in late 1940 to see to a family crisis, but was trapped behind the international border when the Confederates reoccupied the state. (He was hit by a car and partially crippled.) He and his father, Seneca Driver, were exchanged in 1942 and he returned to Des Moines, where he volunteered as a civilian auxiliary driver for the U.S. Army, this time being allowed to carry a weapon.

Engels Brothers

(AE:CCH, SA:RE)

The Engels Brothers are a common cultural icon in this timeline. They are analogous to this timeline's Marx Brothers , including characters that behave similarly to Groucho, Chico, Harpo, and Zeppo Marx. Since the Socialist Party is a dominant party in the United States in this timeline, it is plausible that the Marx brothers changed their stage name to Engels to avoiding offending Socialist audiences. They wear beards of different colors as props.

The Engels brothers apparently served in the 1914-1917 war in the trenches (Chester Martin noted reflexes in their vaudeville act which indicated so), and then became a vaudeville act in the United States. They have appeared in movies and recorded an anti-Confederate number, "Featherston's Follies," which is analogous to Spike Jones And The City Slickers' " Der Fuehrer's Face ."

Enos, George

(Viewpoint character GW:AF-GW:B)

George Enos was a fisherman from Boston, Massachusetts, on the ''F/V Ripple'' when the Great War began. He continued to fish until the ''Ripple'' was captured by a Confederate commerce raider, the ''CSS Swamp Fox'', and was interned in North Carolina until exchanged. Enos joined the U.S. Navy shortly afterward to avoid conscription in the Army and to fight the Confederacy. He served on a Q-boat which sank a Confederate submarine, and in 1916 was transferred to the ''USS Punishment'', a river monitor which fought on the Mississippi and Cumberland Rivers, until it was destroyed. (Enos had been ashore visiting a 'house of ill repute' when his ship was attacked and sunk.) He was then transferred to the destroyer ''USS Ericsson'', which was sunk illegally after the U.S.-C.S. armistice of 1917 by the ''CSS Bonefish'', captained by Confederate Roger Kimball.

Enos, George Jr.

(GW:AF-AE:VO; Viewpoint character AE:VO-RE:DE)

George Enos Jr. was born in 1910 and was only 7 years old when his father, George Enos (q.v.), was killed when the ''USS Ericsson'' was torpedoed the day after the U.S.-C.S. armistice. He went to sea as a fisherman, married, and joined the U.S. Navy during the 1941 War, seeing action around the Sandwich Islands aboard the destroyer ''USS Townsend''.

Enos, Sylvia

(Viewpiont character, GW:AF-AE:VO)

Sylvia Enos was the wife and widow of George Enos, born in 1886. She cared for the Enos' two children while George was on his many misadventuresduring the Great War. After his death, she struggled to support her family. In 1923, thanks to complex developments in Confederate politics surrounding resistance to the Freedom Party , she learned the identity of the Confederate naval officer who killed her husband on the ''USS Ericsson'', Roger Kimball. Sylvia traveled to South Carolina and killed Kimball, then surrendered to authorities. She was spared legal retribution through the intervention of Anne Colleton , a political rival and estranged lover of Kimball's.

Following her return, she became a heroine. Local Democratic Party boss Joseph P Kennedy exploited her fame for political uses and also tried and failed to seduce her. She ghost-wrote a book entitled ''I Sank Roger Kimball'' along with a frustrated writer named Ernie (widely recognized to be an analog of OTL literary giant Ernest Hemingway .) Against the advice of her son, she began a romantic and sexual affair with Ernie, who had been wounded in his genitalia during the Great War. She was frightened by Ernie's dark mood swings but resisted her son's advice to break off the affair. This ultimately proved fatal when, in a very black melancholy, Ernie accidentally shot and killed Sylvia, then killed himself. Sylvia was replaced by George Enos Jr. as a viewpoint character in subsequent books in the series.

Grimes, Armstrong

(AE:BI-AE:VO; Viewpoint character AE:VO-SA:DE)

Armstrong Grimes (named for George Armstrong Custer) is the son of Merle Grimes and Edna Grimes and the grandson of Nellie Semphroch. He grew up in Washington, D.C. A lackluster student, he graduated high school in 1940. He spent the next year of his life looking for work with little success, and was then conscripted into the U.S. Army in 1941. His basic training facility was attacked on the first day of the war as part of Operation Blackbeard , at which point he was awarded the rank of Private First Class. He took part in the initial, unsuccessful defense of Ohio under General Abner Dowling . When Sandusky, OH fell, marking the conclusion of that operation, he was transferred to Utah, which had recently erupted into a Mormon uprising. There he befriended Yossel Reisen , the nephew of Flora Hamburger . In Utah he was involved in both heavy fighting and terrorist attacks. As of the end of SA:DttE, he has attained the rank of sergeant.

Hamburger, Flora (Blackford)

(Viewpoint character, GW:AF-SA:DE)

Flora Hamburger (an analogue of Rosa Luxemburg ) is the wife of President Hosea '''Blackford'''. She was elected to Congress as a Socialist from New York in 1916, one of the only two women in the House of Representatives. That year, her brother, David Hamburger, lost a leg in battle. (Hamburger refused an offer by General Leonard Wood to have her brother transferred out of the front line because her Socialist principles forbid her from accepting special favors.) She is often called the "Conscience of the Congress." She opposed the repression of the Mormons of Utah, for example.

During the 1930's, although her earlier belief in the inevitable revolution of the Proletariat has been tempered somewhat by age and experience, she is seen as the only member of Congress who really seems to care about the revival of the CSA and the rise of the Freedom Party . She is an analog of Winston Churchill in this sense, though her gender may prove a barrier to the Presidency.

Flora's husband was many years older than she. Following his defeat in the 1932 election, he quickly fell to ill health and died in 1937. She and Hosea had one son: Joshua.

In 1941, she noticed a peculiar budget item appropriating a large amount of money for a project in western Washington State. (See Atomic Bomb ). She used this to strike a deal with President Al Smith which forced the president to publicly condemn the Confederate atrocities against Southern blacks.

Throughout 1942 and 1943, Blackford found herself agreeing more with Democratic Senator Taft of Ohio about taking a hard line towards the war and towards the Mormon rebellion in Utah.

Jacobs, Hal

(GW:AF-AE:CCH)

Hal Jacobs was a cobbler in Washington, D.C., during the Great War. He was an agent for the spy ring for the U.S. run by Bill Reach, with Nellie Semphroch a fellow agent who reported to him. Jacobs was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal for his actions, despite being a civilian; it was one of the final acts in office of President Theodore Roosevelt in 1921. He married Nellie after the Great War, and died of smoking-induced lung cancer in 1933. He and Nellie Semphroch had a daughter, Clara.

MacArthur, Daniel

(GW:WH-GW:B, AE:VO-SA:DE)

Daniel MacArthur is the counterpart of Douglas MacArthur . Apart from being born a few years later, Daniel MacArthur is much the same as his real-life counterpart, down to his ego and trademark smoking habit, although he smokes a cigarette in a holder rather than a corncob Pipe .

During World War I MacArthur became the youngest division commander in the history of the US Army and a newspaper hero. This achievement was overshadowed somewhat by his serving under First Army commander George Custer , also a publicity-conscious personality who ensured that MacArthur did not win any major victories. MacArthur was eclipsed still further when Lieutenant-Colonel Irving Morrell succeeded in using innovative tactics and barrels (tanks) to break the Confederate lines in early 1917.

MacArthur spent the 1930s as commandant of the new US state of Houston. Despite his best efforts he never entirely stopped the flow of Freedom Party men and weapons from Texas, but open rioting and revolt was ruthlessly crushed wherever it occurred. After Houston's return to the CSA and the subsequent outbreak of war in 1941, MacArthur was assigned to lead the US offensive in Virginia. MacArthur was not selected for his skills, however, but as a sop to Congress' Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War. That may have had something to do with the slowness of the US Army to undertake its offensive, and the heavy autumn rainfall did not help either.

The assault on northern Virginia failed in its objective of seizing Richmond, though MacArthur did succeed in crossing the Rappahannock. Heavy casualties on both sides and a failed Confederate counter-attack out of the Appalachians resulted in stalemate by Christmas. MacArthur was still confident of victory, even colluding with Rear Admiral William Halsey, Jr. about the outlandish scheme of landing troops at the mouth of the James River and advancing on Richmond from the rear. His subordinate Abner Dowling managed to prevent an almost-certain disaster from occurring, leaving northern Virginia as of February 1942 in stalemate. This landing is reminiscent of the real MacArthur's landing at Inchon during the Korean War , a maneuver which was wildly successful; however, the Confederates were more motivated and better-led and equipped than the North Koreans, and would have been fighting for their homeland and capital.

Instead of forcing a repeat of the Peninsula Campaign, MacArthur launched two direct assaults into the heavily defended Confederate line at Fredericksburg, losing thousands of US soldiers to Confederate guns positioned on Marye's Heights above the town. The general was criticized heavily by the Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War, by Brigadier General Dowling, and by the press for his senseless actions.

Mantarakis, Paul

(Viewpoint character, GW:AF, GW:WH)

Proud of his Greek heritage, Paul Mantarakis was a private in the U.S. Army serving in the West with Gordon McSweeney during the Great War. He rose to sergeant in fighting against the Mormon rebels in 1915, but was killed invading Baja California in 1916.

Martin, Chester

(Viewpoint character: GW:AF-SA:DE)

Chester Martin was the son of Stephen Douglas Martin and a steelworker in Toledo, Ohio. He served on the Roanoke (southwestern Virginia) front during the Great War and received a commendation for saving the life of President Theodore Roosevelt. In 1917, as a sergeant, he briefly served as a company commander of B Company, 91st Infantry Regiment, taking part in the Remembrance Day offensive.

After the war, Martin returned to his civilian job in Toledo, Ohio, as a steelworker. He became a Socialist Party member and union organizer, taking part in strikes and fighting company police and strikebreakers, as well as the police, during the 1920s.

The Depression of 1929 saw Martin lose his job; he and his wife went to Southern California, where he began in construction work and became a union official. When the 1941 War started, Martin returned to the Army and served as a First Sergeant in the infantry, fighting in Ohio and taking part in the successful counterattack against Confederate forces there.

McSweeney, Gordon

(GW:AF-GW:WH; Viewpoint character, GW:WH and GW:B)

Gordon McSweeney was a U.S. Army soldier who served in Utah and Baja California with Paul Mantarakis, and later in Arkansas during the Great War. A Hyper-Presbyterian , McSweeney saw himself as the instrument of God and he saw the enemy, whether they were Mormon, Mexican, or Confederates, as persons to be slaughtered without pity or mercy. He would use Flamethrowers on enemy bunkers, for example, but also used them on Trench patrols. McSweeney was as hard on his own soldiers as he was on himself and the enemy; despite this, his fighting skills were highly respected by his platoon and the Army as a whole. He was commissioned while serving in Arkansas, and won two Medals Of Honor during the Great War, the second awarded for destroying a Confederate river gunboat single-handedly. McSweeney was killed by shellfire during the last days of the Great War.

Morrell, Irving

(Viewpoint character, GW:AF-SA:DE)

Irving Morrell is a fictional counterpart, in name, appearance and career, to the real Erwin Rommel .

Born in late 1891, Irving Morrell enlisted in the United States Army upon reaching adulthood and graduated West Point . At the outbreak of World War I he was a Captain on the southwest border. Leading his company against a Confederate farmhouse in Sonora in September 1914, Morrell was severely wounded in the thigh, and would permanently suffer from a slight limp. While in the hospital he and a doctor jointly proposed the idea of metal helmets after a conversation concerning head wounds.

Upon recovery in 1915 Morrell was dispatched to eastern Kentucky, where his aggressive tactics resulted in a posting to the General Staff. Morrell's star rose still further that year when President Theodore Roosevelt , after an informal talk about the ongoing Mormon uprising in Utah, 'persuaded' the War Department to adopt Morrell's more imaginative plans.

When the Mormons stalled the resulting US advance by doing the unexpected, General Leonard Wood protected the young officer by sending him to British Columbia to cut Canada's Pacific coast off from the interior. Morrell spent most of 1916 doing that, earning praise from observers Eduard Dietl of Austria-Hungary and Heinz Guderian of Germany .

In the final year of the war Morrell's innovative use of Barrels ensured the seizure of Nashville, and the subsequent rupture of Confederate lines. Soon, General Custer's and Morrell's doctrine of massed barrel attacks was in use along every eastern front in North America.

When the war ended, Morrell was a Colonel, a national hero, and was given his choice of assignments. He decided to head Barrel Works in Ft. Leavenworth, Kansas, and initially made great strides in designing the next generation of barrels. But the cost-cutting of Upton Sinclair 's Socialist administration ensured that Barrel Works was closed down in 1923. His subsequent posting to Philadelphia lasted only two years, with his outspoken criticism of America's foreign policy resulting in a transfer to occupation duty in Kamloops, British Columbia.

The next seven years proved largely uneventful, with Morrell handling a sullen but acquiescent region. He received a visit in 1926 from now-Lieutenant-Colonel Guderian, along with an Unnamed German Sergeant whose Anti-Semitic , "kill everything" attitude and operatic gestures seem very familiar to the reader.

With the outbreak of the Pacific War in 1932, Morrell found himself back at Barrel Works, though he was soon transferred to occupation duty in Houston. With the plebiscite of 1940 came Houston's return to the CSA, and Morrel was assigned as barrel commander to Ohio under Brigadier General Abner Dowling.

When Confederate Operation Blackbeard was launched on June 22, 1941 Morrell found himself in an unenviable position. Despite his best efforts, the prewar shortage of soldiers and barrels ensured that General George Patton 's amour succeeded in reaching Sandusky on Lake Erie by late August. With the United States cut in half, Morrell found his attempts to throw the Confederates back frustrated not only by CS sabotage in eastern Ohio but the War Department's focus on northern Virginia.

In January, 1942, Morrell was badly wounded by a Confederate would-be assassin. Upon recovery and a promotion to Brigadier General, he commanded the US forces in Ohio and Pennsylvania during . His victory at Pittsburgh in late 1942 was the beginning of the end for the CSA.

Moss, Jonathan

(Viewpoint character, GW:AF-SA:DE)

Jonathan Moss grew up in a well-to-do Chicago family, and enlisted as a U.S. fighter pilot out of college. Flying on the southern Ontario front in the Great War, Moss established an antagonistic but oddly strong relationship with a Canadian farmer named Laura Secord (descended from the Canadian patriot of the War Of 1812 ). Moss studied law at Northwestern University near Chicago after the War, pining after Secord all the while, and moved to Berlin, Ontario in Occupied Canada to establish his career as an attorney in military occupation courts. He earned some fame as a defender of Canadians' rights, though Moss readily admitted this only meant he lost less often than most of his peers.

Moss eventually married Laura Secord and had a daughter. When his wife and daughter were killed by a package bomb sent by Mary McGregor Pomeroy in 1940, Moss rejoined the U.S. Army as a fighter pilot. When World War II erupted he fought for approximately a year on the Ohio and Virginia fronts, was shot down over Virginia, and sent to Andersonville, Georgia as a POW. He escaped during a tornado and joined Black guerrillas fighting the Confederacy.

While fighting with the Black guerrillas, Moss kills a young Confederate Navy officer, leading the defense of Plains, Georgia . Although only named "Jimmy," the location and the fact that the character calls his mother "Miss Lillian," indicate that Jimmy Carter is intended.

O'Doull, Leonard

(GW:WH-AE:VO, Viewpoint character AE:VO-SA:DE)

Leonard O'Doull, M.D., was a surgeon who served in the U.S. Army on the Québec front in the Great War at a military hospital in Rivière-du-Loup. While stationed there, he met Nicole Galtier, the daughter of Lucien Galtier, upon whose land the hospital had been built. He married Nicole in 1917 and after the war he settled down to practice in Rivière-du-Loup in the Republic of Québec. The marriage produced one son, Lucien O'Doull, named for his maternal grandfather, Lucien Galtier .

In his time in Riviere-du-Loup, O'Doull developed a fondness for the Quebecois people and culture, and became very close to his wife's family, especially his father-in-law, Lucien Galtier.

When the Second Great War began, O'Doull was encouraged by US authorities to rejoin the US Army. Despite his having grown very comfortable in the Republic of Quebec, he found his loyalties remained with the nation of his birth and rejoined the Army's Medical Service. He was stationed on the Virginia front, where he befriended Granville McDougald, and was transferred to the city of Pittsburgh when it was invaded by the Confederates.

Pound, Michael

(AE:BI-SA:RE; Viewpoint character in SA:DE)

Michael Pound was a U.S. Army sergeant who served under Colonel Irving Morrell's command. After Morrell's wounding in 1941, Pound was transferred to another unit. He was rash, loud, and outspoken towards senior officers, but an effective mentor to junior officers who served with him. He saw action in Ohio, despite having a tank shot out from under him, and in the Battle of Pittsburgh as gunnery officer in a U.S. barrel. He was proficient at judging distance, a trait he used to destroy many Confederate barrels that otherwise would have been out of range in Pittsburgh.

Quigley, Jedediah

(GW:AF-AE:BI, SA:RE)

Lieutenant Colonel Jedediah Quigley, from New Hampshire, was the U.S. Army officer in charge of the military government of Rivière-du-Loup, Québec, during the Great War. He was a firm governor, seizing land from Luicien Galtier to build a military hospital in 1915; however, he agreed to pay back rent to the Galtiers when Galtier's attitude became more positive toward the U.S. After the Great War, he became the U.S. military representative to the Government of Québec. He returns to Quebec shortly after the outbreak of the 1941 War to persuade Leonard O'Doull to return to active duty as an Army doctor for U.S. forces fighting in Ohio.

Reach, William

(GW:AF-GW:B)

William "Bill" Reach was a reporter for the Washington Evening Star before the Great War. Before that, although it is not clear, he is intimated that he was Nellie Semphroch's lover, maybe even her procurer, and perhaps the father of Edna Semphroch. He was in charge of the U.S. spy ring in Washington, D.C., to which Nellie Semphroch and Hal Jacobs reported. He was able to warn Jacobs and Semphroch of an artillery bombardment that killed Edna Semphroch's fiance in 1916. He was killed by Nellie Semphroch when he attempted to rape her during the Confederate withdrawl from Washington.

Semphroch, Edna (Grimes)

(GW:AF-AE:VO)

Edna Semphroch, with her mother Nellie, ran a coffee shop in Washington, D.C., during the Confederate occupation of the city from 1914 to 1917. She was unaware of her mother's activities as a U.S. spy, and in fact was ready to marry a Confederate officer, Lieutenant Nicholas H. Kincaid, when shellfire from a U.S. cannon hit the church on H Street where the wedding was to be held, killing him. Edna received the Order of Remembrance, Second Class, from President Roosevelt after the Great War for her "services to the U.S." She married Merle '''Grimes''', a government clerk, shortly thereafter to avoid any possible scandal. She gave birth to a son, Armstrong Grimes.

Semphroch, Nellie (Jacobs)

(HFR, Viewpiont character, GW:AF-AE:VO)

Nellie Semphroch was born in the mid-1870s in Washington, D.C., and underwent the Confederate bombardment of the city during the Second Mexican War (In 1881, German military observer Alfred Von Schlieffen saw her walking along a road in Washington on his way to an appointment). She apparently struggled as a young woman and supported herself as a prostitute. By 1914, however, she had managed to purchase a small restaurant in Washington. The restaurant became a popular place for Confederate officers to eat, and Nellie found herself involved gathering intelligence for a U.S. spy ring run by Hal Jacobs, a cobbler, who also gathered information on Confederate forces. Also, near the end of the war, she killed Bill Reach, a US spymaster,(and the person to whom Hal reported) when he tried to rape her. It would always haunt her when Hal Jacobs talked of him. It was also intimated that Bill Reach may have been Nellie's daughter's (Edna's) father.

Because her restaurant had been popular with the Confederates, she was initially arrested as a collaborator when the U.S. reoccupied the city in 1917. However, charges were dismissed and President Theodore Roosevelt awarded her with the Order of Remembrance.

After the Great War, Semproch married Jacobs and continued to run her coffee shop, catering to both Washingtonians and Confederate businessmen who remembered her place affectionately. She did not reveal her role as a U.S. spy until the late 1930s. She died in 1937 of blood poisoning, not long after attening Al Smith's presidential inauguration.

CONFEDERATE STATES

Bartlett, Reginald

(Viewpoint character, GW:AF-AE:CCH)

Reggie Bartlett was a pharmacist's assistant in Richmond, Virginia, when the Great War began in 1914. He joined the Seventh Virginia Regiment of the Confederate Army, was captured, and with submarine commander Ralph Briggs, escaped (Briggs was later recaptured, by the same U.S. Navy sailor who had captured him before). He was severely wounded and captured again by U.S. forces and remained a prisoner of war hospital patient until the Armistice. Returning to Richmond, Bartlett saw the rise of the Freedom Party and actively opposed it, supporting instead the Radical Liberals . He was gunned down by Freedom Party stalwarts in 1925 while leaving his workplace.

Cassius

(GW:AF-GW:B)

Cassius (no last name) was the huntsman for the Marshlands Plantation in St. Matthews, South Carolina, owned by the Colleton family. He was also head of the Marxist underground in the area. When the Red Rebellion of 1915-16 broke out, Cassius became the leader of the Congaree Socialist Republic and was responsible for ordering the execution of many “enemies of the people,” both black and white. He escaped the crushing of the Republic in 1916 and with his female companion, Cherry, continued guerilla operations against the Confederacy, and in particular against Anne Colleton. Cassius was killed by Tom Colleton shortly after the Armistice of 1917.

Colleton, Anne

(Viewpoint character, GW:AF-SA:RE)

Anne Colleton, in 1914, was the owner of the Marshlands Plantation of St. Mathews, South Carolina, a supporter of the arts, including Marcel Duchamp , and a prominent political figure in the state. The Red rebellion of 1915 resulted in the loss of the mansion house at Marshlands, which was burned down by her chief hunter, Cassius, and the death of her brother, Jacob, who had been a soldier and was debilitated by gas. This started a personal vendetta between Colleton, whose political influence could raise the state militia, and Cassius and his female partner, Cherry, which lasted until Cassius was killed by her brother Tom shortly after the Armistice of 1917.

She was briefly involved in a romantic affair with Confederate Navy commander Roger Kimball during the Great War, but broke off the affair when Kimball became too involved in the Freedom Party. She was also intimately involved with Clarance Potter for a brief time, though their conflicting politics prevented them from establishing a long-term realtionship.

During the period between the World Wars, Colleton became involved with the Freedom Party as a designer for mass-rallies, but stopped her support after a Freedom Party sniper killed President Wade Hampton V. However, as she realized that the Freedom Party was likely to win control of the nation, Colleton worked her way back into favor with Featherston.

Colleton was killed in a U.S. bombing raid on Charleston, South Carolina, in the early days of the 1941 War or World War II .

Colleton, Tom

(GW:AF-SA:RE, Viewpoint character SA:RE-SA:DE)

Tom Colleton was the brother of Anne Colleton. He served as a Confederate infantry officer during the war of 1914-1917, reaching the rank of Lieutenant Colonel, but left the Army after the war ended. He, and his sister, using South Carolina militia, ended up hunting down the last remnants of the Congaree Socialist Republic, and he personnaly killed their leader Cassius.

He was recalled to service in World War II , as a Lieutenant Colonel. Colleton's unit was involved in the invasion of Ohio and Pennsylvania, and was trapped in the Battle of Pittsburgh, where he was presumed killed in January 1943.

Dresser, Anthony

(AE:BI)

Anthony Dresser is an analog to Anton Drexler , the founder of the Nazi Party . Dresser founded the Freedom Party in Richmond, Virginia presumably after the end of the Great War in 1917. The party consisted only of a few people and was only able to get fliers across war-ravaged Richmond because one of its members was a printer. Jake Featherston became interested in the party and soon became one of its few members. Anthony Dresser tried giving a speech at a campaign for the Confederate Congress and was nearly laughed off the stage until Featherston stepped up. Featherston began blaming the blacks and war department for the CSA's loss in the war which struck a chord with many Confederates. Featherston began a speaking tour to raise support for the party, and soon became the Freedom Party's Head of Propaganda .

With this new-found support for Featherston, Dresser became afraid for his position in the party and tried to have Featherston removed, stating Featherston had turned the party's message into one saying "Hang the generals and hang the niggers" and was giving people the wrong idea about the party. Though Dresser found some support amongst the rank-and-file Party members Featherston pointed out that he raised more then half of the party's funding and without him, the party would go back to being nothing. The motion to remove Featherston failed, and Featherston himself raised the motion to remove Dresser. The motion was carried out by a landslide and Featherston became head of the Freedom Party while Dresser faded into obscurity.

In all this, Dresser's career closely parallels that of the real-life Anton Drexler and his realtions with Adolf Hitler . Of course the chance for a person on a different continent in alternate history having the same role and also having such a similar name is astronomical. Clearly, Turtldove dropped this name as a not-so-subtle hint, from which readers familiar with Nazi history could easily deduce the way the series was going to develop.

Featherston, Jake

(Viewpoint character, GW:AF-SA:DE)

Jake Featherston is the fictional Confederate counterpart of Adolf Hitler . Physically Featherston is a "raw-boned" man who remains slender into his fifties, with "dangerous" eyes, lanky brown hair that he combs straight down, and a harsh, rasping voice. He is extremely petty and vindictive, taking the slightest mistake or remark as a personal affront and then vowing to take vengeance on the perpetrator, be it a single man, an entire race, or a whole country. Featherston also has the uncanny ability to vent his anger and frustration in a manner that captures the attention of his audience and holds it spellbound, enticing them to join him in his madness.

Born the son of an (ex-)slave overseer sometime in the 1880s, Featherston grew up in a poor household and joined the CS Army - i.e., a Poor White , member of the social layer often called derogatorily White Trash (as a general is to call Featherston to his face in a later episode) who are caught precatiously between the Planter Aristocracy above them and the Blacks below.

By 1914 he was a sergeant in the First Richmond Howitzers, under Captain Jeb Stuart III. As part of the Army Of Northern Virginia , Featherston fought on the Susquehanna River and then fell back towards Maryland. During this time he reported his suspicions to an intelligence officer about Pompey, Captain Stuart's body servant, being a Marxist rebel. The accusation would have more influence on Featherston's life than he could ever have imagined at the time. Not only did Pompey, protected from investigation by his prominent master, turn out to be a real Red when the Negro uprisings broke out, but the intelligence officer in question was one Clarence Potter , whose destiny would be forevermore inextricable with Featherston's.

Interstingely, considering his future career, at this stage Featherston is far from being a rabid racist. He has a rather ambiguous relationship with the blacks who do menial work in his unit, not lacking in grudging respect - especially after one battle when the blacks help him operate the unit's artillery while the white soldiers whose task it have ran away. On the eve of the uprising, the lease of the blacks, Perseus , actually comes to say goodbye to Featherston and warn him to "be careful for a while".
(In Mein Kampf there is a passage where Hitler recalls a time when he was well-disposed towards Jews and considered the prejudice against them unjustified.)

As the uprisings petered out in early 1916, Jeb Stuart III, who had destroyed his career by protecting Pompey, intentionally got himself killed in combat. His father was General Jeb Stuart, Jr., who ensured that Featherston never made officer's rank despite his fitness for the post. Featherston - as noted, previously no more racist than other ordinary white Confederates - now burned with intense fury at blacks and aristocratic officers alike. His anger intensifies as the war starts to go badly for the Confederates. By the end of the war, Featherston had begun pouring out his hate on Gray Eagle scratchpads (what would later become his autobiographical " Over Open Sights )." When the ceasefire went into effect he vowed to Clarence Potter that he would have vengeance on the blacks and the aristocrats running the War Department.

During the aftermath of the war, Featherston drifted for a short while, before joining the newly created Freedom Party. Swiftly establishing himself as head propagandist, it was not long before Featherston, aided by Party member Ferdinand Koenig, became its leader. With his raw energy and humble origins, Featherston had little trouble whipping up support from much of the Confederate populace, and it seemed by the early 1920s that he would surely be leading the country. But with the assassination of President Wade Hampton V in 1923 by a Party stalwart, the Freedom Party suffered a sudden and near-total collapse as a political force.

The following years were spent by Featherston repairing what damage he could, and waiting for his next opportunity. The vital discovery of the power of wireless (radio) and his subsequent broadcasts did much to aid the Party's recovery. The damage caused by the Mississippi floods and the Business Collapse of the early 1930s ensured that the Freedom Party swept the elections in 1933.

Once he was legally elected President of the Confederacy, Featherston slowly and quietly twisted the Confederate Constitution into giving him more power. He maneuvered the Supreme Court into striking itself out of existence, provoked the black minority toward rebellion with race riots, created farm machinery to root them out of their livelihoods so he could incarcerate them in camps, and repealed the single Term Limit so he could run multiple times. In the meantime, the black rebellions gave the CSA a plausible excuse to reinstitute conscription and arm its airplanes. He manipulated USA president Smith to allow the states of Kentucky, Houston (West Texas), and Sequoya (all former CSA states) to hold plebiscites to determine their futures. Kentucky and Houston voted to rejoin the Confederacy, while Sequoya, which according to the Confederates had been saturated with settlers from other parts of the north, remained a part of the USA.

By 1941, Featherston was ready for war. He snaked the USA into giving him excuses to attack it, and initiated the 1941 war in North America with a surprise air raid on Philadelphia and the immense success of Operation Blackbeard , which cut the USA in half through central Ohio. His megalomaniacal mindset would prove to be his undoing, however, and his expectations of quick victory were quickly dashed when Al Smith rejected his 'generous' peace offer. His downfall began to unravel starting with his disastrous attempt to take Pittsburgh in the fall of 1942 and the subsequent loss of an entire army trapped in a pocket there, because Featherston defiantly refused to withdraw even when his generals realized it was the sensible thing to do.

Featherston is a victim of his own megalomania, as he forces himself to attempt to accomplish increasingly dangerous goals in order to keep up the impression that he is "great." He expressed several times his opinion that without him the Confederate States of America would amount to nothing, and that without him race relations would rot the core of the Confederate Dream. He seems to be a sufferer of Narcissistic Personality Disorder , where he perceives himself to be the center of his universe. Since he holds the highest position of power ever achieved in North America, and worked hard to get to the top, that only works to stoke the fire within him.

Some notable quotes:

"I'm Jake Featherston, and I'm here to tell you the truth." - ''The line he always uses to begin his radio broadcasts and speeches, usually filled with lies and propaganda.''

"I haven't backed away from a fight yet. I don't aim to start now." - ''Featherston to Lieutenant General'' Nathan Bedford Forrest III , ''chief of the Confederate General Staff, after the latter warned him about an impending US attack''

"You torpedoed my river bill. No telling how much more damage you'll cause me in the future, so good bye. I don't fool around with people who make trouble for me, Mr. Chief Justice. I kill 'em." - ''President Featherston to Chief Justice McReynolds on why he was dissolving the CSA Supreme Court''

"No, it's not, on account of I imagined it. And what I imagine, I do." - ''Featherston's response after the Chief Justice called his act of abolishing the CS Supreme Court "unimaginable"''

"I want your opinion on how to run my business, you can bet I'll ask for it. Till I do, you can damn well keep your mouth shut about it." - ''Featherston's response to Brigadier General Clarence Potter's advice that the Confederate States make peace while there is still time''

Goldman, Saul

(AE:CCH-SA:DE)

A high-ranking member of the Freedom Party . He is this universe's working equivalent to Joseph Goebbels . The irony here is that a Jewish-Confederate is the analog to a man who hated Jews.

Saul Goldman was the director of the first radio network in Richmond in the 1920s when Jake Featherston of the Freedom Party found him. Being the first politician to recognize radio's full potential, the Freedom Party leader used Goldman's studio to broadcast speeches to the people of the Confederate States . Goldman wasn't turned away by the repulsive nature of the Freedom Party; rather, he was glad the Party went after blacks and not Jews, the way the Russians did in Poland.

In time, Featherston was elected Confederate president, and he gave Goldman the post of Director of Communications (the head of the Freedom Party's propaganda). Goldman consolidated the media networks and publishing companies of the CSA into one ministry under the Freedom Party's direction, and imposed near-totalitarian control over what the Confederate people read and heard. And while doing all this, Goldman remained the quiet, shy little guy that he was before he got involved in Freedom Party matters, never having become the balls-and-fists type of stalwart that the Freedom Party attracted in droves. Jake Featherston gave him credit for being the one man in the Party that "had more brains than balls."

Saul Goldman could easily be the analog to Doctor Joseph Goebbels, the head of propaganda in Nazi Germany , in spite of his Jewish background. However, his easy-going and gentle personality clashes starkly with Goebbels' crass demagoguery and spiteful attitude, and Goldman seems more than willing to live a simple life in a simple world that had gone mad.

Hampton, Wade V

(AE:BI)

Wade Hampton V is a fictional descendant of Wade Hampton III and a prominent member of the Whigs. In 1921, Hampton V ran for President of the CSA and won election over both Jake Featherston (Freedom) and Ainsworth Layne (Radical Liberals). His presidency came to a premature end in June 1923 when he was assassinated by Freedom Party member Grady Calkins at a Birmingham rally; Hampton became the first president in the history of the Confederate States to be assassinated. His vice-president Burton Mitchel III was sworn in as president afterwards to finish the remainder of his six-year team.

Kimball, Roger

(GW:AF, Viewpoint character, GW:WH-AE:BI)

Lieutenant Commander Roger Kimball was a submarine commander in the Confederate States Navy during the Great War. He received a Confederate Navy Cross for sinking two US battleships during a daring raid in New York's harbor. He resumed command of a submarine until receiving news of the Armistice in 1917, upon which he torpedoed the ''USS Ericsson'' after hostilities ended, killing, among others, Seaman George Enos.

Kimball was romantically involved with Anne Colleton in 1915. They resumed their relationship after the War, when both were involved in the Freedom Party's rise; however, Colleton broke off the relationship when the Party lost prestige following the assassination of Confederate President Wade Hampton V by a Freedom Party member. Shortly after their acrimonious breakup, Kimball was shot and killed by Sylvia Enos, widow of George Enos. His death probably saved him from sharing Willy Knight's fate, as Kimball had ambitions of succeeding Featherston after the latter's (presumably) one and only presidency.

Knight, Willy

(AE:BI-SA:RE)

Willy Knight was the Vice-President of Jake Featherston's Confederate government, and is his world's analog to real-life Ernst Rohm . He was the head of Texas' Redemption League, which held similar goals to the Freedom Party, before his group was swallowed up by the Freedom Party. His name had its genesis most likely in the Willy's Knight automobile from the same time period.

After his attempted Coup D'etat in 1939 against Jake Featherston after the amending of the Confederate Constitution which allowed Presidents to serve more than one-term in office, Knight was imprisoned in Louisiana's Camp Dependable, run by Jefferson Pinkard. He was executed in 1941.

Koenig, Ferdinand

(AE:BI-SA:DE)

Ferdinand Koenig is a high-ranking member of the Freedom Party and the CSA's Attorney General. His character appears to have been inspired by both Heinrich Himmler (in manner and function as executor of Featherston's plans) and Hermann Göring (in physical appearance and similarity in name).

Koenig began his career as Party secretary, where he was found by Jake Featherston and molded into his staunchest supporter - backing the former artillery sergeant in his bid for power at the top of the Freedom Party. Twice he ran on the Freedom ticket as vice president, but allowed the spot to go to Willy Knight in 1933. Instead of the useless position that had been given to Knight to shut him up, Featherston made Koenig attorney general of the Confederate States.

Once in office, Koenig searched for ways to disband the Supreme Court and increase Featherston's power. With the help of lawyers, he used the precedent of the CSA not having a Supreme Court for the first five years of its existence, and stated that the country can survive without one. When Chief Justice James Clark McReynolds struck down President Featherston's River And Dam Act , Koenig hit back hard, ordering the Supreme Court dissolved and the executive branch to assume supreme judicial powers on the basis that the country needed the dams constructed more than it needed the high court striking down laws and making trouble with the Featherston Administration .

Even after the Freedom Party won the reins of power in the election of 1933, the Whigs and Radical Liberals still stirred up opposition to the Freedom government. With a nod from Koenig and the Confederate States Justice Department, local police officials and state governments in states across the CSA arrested hundreds of Whig and Radical Liberal party members on false pretexts (such as "disturbing the peace," "public drunkenness," and "inciting to riot") and incarcerated them in prisons and later state correctional camps. Freedom Party stalwarts beat and insulted the anti-Freedom men until they were deemed ready to re-enter Confederate society. Some of the more vocal opponents were "shot while resisting arrest" - a euphemism for murder, while judges and district attorneys who refused to cooperate were coerced into resigning, explaining to the public that they were doing so for "reasons of health."

As the 1940s dawned, Featherston decided that the time had come to begin "population reductions" (i.e.: killing off the Confederacy's blacks). Koenig was tasked with overseeing this program, for which he ordered a number of camps established in Louisiana. Secrecy was aided by the recent seizure of that state by the Freedom Party from Radical Liberal Huey Long , and the subsequent roundup of "political prisoners."

Shipments of Negroes commenced in 1940, composed of men from Confederate jails or those arrested at roadblocks in the towns. Before long places such as Camp Dependable, outside of Alexandria, Louisiana , were filled to overflowing. Shortly before the outbreak of 1941 War, Koenig phoned Camp Dependable's commandant, Jefferson Pinkard, with the news that 2000 more blacks would arriving, along with an unspoken order to ensure there was sufficient room for them. Other camps received similar instructions, resulting in the first massacres.

The early killings were a limited success; although black men were continuously butchered the surviving prisoners simmered on the edge of revolt. Nor could some of the guards handle the work; suicides and transfer requests shot through the roof. In late 1941, Pinkard came up with a solution. Inspired by a camp guard's suicide, he invented a specially-fitted truck which enabled the driver to flood the rear compartment with exhaust gasses. Overnight, the "population reductions" became easier; blacks thought the trucks were shipping prisoners to other camps, and the guards didn't have to do anything save drive and dig. Featherston was delighted; he requisitioned whole fleets of trucks from the Confederate Army, regardless of the fact that there was a war on.

In early 1942, Koenig upped the ante. Entire portions of black districts in towns would be cleared out over the course of a single night, while Pinkard was given a new assignment: constructing an enormous camp out in Texas to handle the anticipated volume of black inmates. This was to become Camp Determination.

Mitchel, Burton

(AE:BI-AE:CCH)

Burton Mitchel was vice president of the CSA when Wade Hampton V was assassinated at a rally in 1923. Upon taking office, he asked U.S. President Upton Sinclair to repeal the reparations payments that had severely damaged the Confederate economy. In 1927, the C.S. Supreme Court ruled that Mitchel was eligible to run for a full six-year term, depsite his serving more than four years of Hampton's term. He won election, but was burdened by the Business Collapse in 1929, which left many Confederate citizens homeless; as a result, many people set up in "Mitcheltowns" across the CSA (these were called "Blackfordburghs" in the U.S.; both were analogs to Hoovervilles ). He left office in 1934 as the Freedom Party's control over the CSA began.

Partridge, Donald

(AE:VO-SA:DE)

Donald Partridge was the Freedom Party's replacement for the slot of the vice-presidency after Willy Knight's attemped coup. He was chosen because Jake Featherston reckoned him a useless, harmless idiot, unlike the ambitious Knight. Partridge spends his time in the vice-presidency thinking of dumb farm-girl jokes to tell Featherston, or in the company of various ladies in hotels here and there, according to secret Freedom Party guard reports. He also spends most of his time supporting the war effort, travelling from city to city across the CSA making speeches and imploring the Confederates to fight on. His name is a play on former U.S. Vice President Dan Quayle and seems to have been modeled on both Quayle and Woodrow Wilson's Vice President, Thomas R. Marshall, who was known for being a paper-weight and making jokes.

Pinkard, Jefferson Davis

(Viewpoint character, GW:AF-SA:DE)

An Alabama native, Jefferson Pinkard was a steel man at the Sloss Works in Birmingham when the Great War broke out.

Interestingly considering his development in later books of the series, Pinkard as originally intorduced to the reader, before being traumatised by the combination of war and personal crisis, is a highly sympathetic character. To begin with, he is singularly free of any racist taint, fully willing to accept a Black fellow-worker and accord him the respect due to a skilfull steel man in a dangerous and demanding job. (It should be noted that even Jake Featherston , who would later develop into a monstrous Hitler -like racist leader, does not start out as an unambiguos anti-black racist).

The war affects Pinkard more fundmantally - and negatively - than many other charcaters in the series. Conscripted into the Confederate Army late in 1915, he received his baptism of fire against Red rebels in Georgia before being sent to west Texas, where he befriended Sonoran recruit Hipolito Rodriguez. Coming home on leave in 1917, he caught his wife Emily having sex with his best friend and next-door neighbor, Buford Cunningham. That, combined with the Confederacy's defeat that year, left him a bitter and vengeful man.

During the postwar years he found solace in the 's assassination, Pinkard decided to fight for the Imperialists in the Mexican Civil War.

Pinkard's stint in Mexico turned out to be an enormous blessing. He found himself almost by accident running a prisoner of war camp, an experience which proved to be a turning point in his life. After the Business Collapse, Pinkard, who had resumed his job at the Sloss Works, was laid off. The Freedom Party quickly set him up with a new occupation as a prison guard, and when the first camps for political prisoners were set up, Pinkard was offered a job as an assistant camp commandant at a Mississippi facility, and subsequently the head commandant at Louisiana's Camp Dependable.

Pinkard at first was in charge of detaining political prisoners. After Vice President Willy Knight attempted to assassinate President Jake Featherston, Knight became Pinkard's most notable prisoner. Soon many suspected black rebels were imprisoned as well.

To make room for the never ending supply of Blacks being sent to the camp (and limited food rations to feed them all), Pinkard had to kill off many black inmates by ordering firing squads to shoot them. However this became too much for many guards. A guard named Chick Blades killed himself by venting gas into his car, giving Pinkard the idea to put blacks in trucks and gas them while simply driving to the burial sites. This was used to great effect.

Pinkard eventually was ordered to have Willy Knight shot, which he did. Pinkard married Chick Blades' widow and moved to a camp being constructed in Texas: Camp Determination . When Pinkard came up with an even more efficient way to reduce population, he was promoted to the rank of Brigade Leader (brigadier general in Army ranking). He could be a counterpart to the numerous architects of the Nazi death camp system, including Adolf Eichmann and Rudolf Hoess .

Potter, Clarence

(GW:AF-AE:BI, Viewpoint character AE:CCH-SA:DE)

Clarence Potter, along with Tom Colleton, is an analogue of the Wehrmacht officers who despised Hitler but faithfully served Germany. In Potter's case, he appears to be based on Wilhelm Canaris .

Potter was from Richmond, Virginia, and seems to have originated from a middle-class background. Before the Great War, he attended college at Yale , leaving him with a permanent half-Yankee accent that sometimes earns him suspicious looks from other Confederates. Potter's time there also gave him a greater understanding of the USA than most of his compatriots.

During the Great War Potter was a CSA Army major assigned to Army Of Northern Virginia intelligence. It was in 1915 that his path first crossed with that of Jake Featherston, then an artillery sergeant. When attempting to dig out Marxist Negro cells within the army, Featherston mentioned his suspicions about his commanding officer's body servant Pompey. That CO was Jeb Stuart III, son of General Jeb Stuart, Jr., a mighty power in Richmond and the man who quashed the investigation.

Unfortunately for all involved, Pompey was revealed to be a leader in the Red Rebellion Of 1915-16 . Disgraced, Jeb III threw his life away in combat and neither Potter nor Featherston ever saw a promotion for the rest of the war. The latter turned into a bitter, vengeful man; Potter was the only officer he had any respect for, though not that much. The two men both hung tight while the rest of the Army of Northern Virginia fell to pieces during the summer of 1917, and shared a whiskey when the cease-fire went into effect.

Their uneasy relationship fell apart after the war. Featherston moved to Richmond and began his rise within the Freedom Party . Potter, discharged from the army, made his living as a private detective while becoming increasingly involved in Whig Party activities. During the postwar years he and ex-submariner Roger Kimball attempted to get hold of Featherston once the former sergeant became a public figure. His half-hearted intentions of influencing Featherston were dashed when the Freedom Party leader sent a dismissive telegram in reply. Kimball became one of Featherston's right-hand men until his death in 1923; Potter sought to contain the damage by working with the Whigs, including briefly with Anne Colleton. He had little success, as his fellow party members remained mired in anachronistic thinking and procedures.

After Featherston became president in 1934, Potter believed that it was only a matter of time before he found himself in a camp for political prisoners. Instead, he resolved to rid the Confederacy of what he was convinced was a leader who would bring ruin upon his country. Potter traveled to Richmond for the 1936 Olympics and took a seat in the swimming stadium, intending to kill Featherston. Fate intervened when a black frankfurter seller with the same idea pulled out a submachine gun and sprayed bullets around so recklessly Potter had to shoot him in self-defense.

With Potter an overnight hero, Featherston (having his own suspicions about Potter's true intensions that day) decided that rather than dispose of him, the former Whig would be a greater asset elsewhere. Despite his aversion for the Freedom Party, Potter's patriotic sentiments won out, and he duly accepted a colonel's commission and a posting to Intelligence.

An outsider in Confederate Intelligence (being neither part of the old guard nor a fanatical Freedom Party supporter), Potter nonetheless distinguished himself in the years before the 1941 War. He was the first to seriously consider not just what Confederate agents could do to the US but also the havoc that American spies could wring within the Confederacy. When Featherston read Potter's conclusions, he promoted his old enemy to Brigadier General and allowed Potter to manage operations against the US.

Prior to Operation Blackbeard in June 1941, Potter and his agents were instrumental in keeping the US off-guard while ascertaining American strength and doctrine. Though Featherston acted too rashly for Potter's comfort (he was convinced that had his advice been acted on the invasion would have been a strategic as well as tactical surprise) Potter's competent organization of pro-Confederate saboteurs helped George Patton 's army reach Lake Erie by August. Further sabotage prevented the American barrel (tank) commander Irving Morrell from doing any serious damage to the Confederate corridor for the rest of the year.

After Operation Blackbeard's initial success, Potter concentrated upon ferreting out spies within the Confederacy and keeping Generals Nathan Bedford Forrest III and Patton appraised of US movements in northern Virginia. After the disastrous Confederate defeat at Pittsburgh, Potter joins with General Forrest and other Confederate officers in a possible plot to overthrow Jake Featherston.

Ramsay, Stephen

(Viewpoint character GW:AF)

Stephen Ramsay was a corporal in the Confederate Army serving in Sequoyah at the beginning of the Great War. He was assigned to the Creek Nation Army of the Five Civilized Tribes as an officer / advisor, and was killed charging a United States trench in 1915.

Rodriguez, Hipolito

(GW:WH-GW:B, Viewpoint character AE:CCH-SA:DE)

Hipolito Rodriguez is a farmer from Bayoreca, Sonora, which in Timeline-191 is part of the Confederate States. His first combat action was against Negro rebels in South Carolina in 1915, after which Rodriguez served with Jefferson Pinkard on the West Texas front of the Great War. Upon demobilization, he returned to his farm in the far western CSA.

In the 1920s, upon meeting Robert Quinn, a Freedom Party organizer, Rodriguez joined the Freedom Party and became a strong supporter, including taking part in actions against Radical Liberals landowners who discouraged voting for Featherston. He was among those who rallied in support of Featherston's continued presidency in 1939 (supporting the overtuning of the law that a Confederate president could only serve one six-year term), and inducted his sons into the Freedom Youth Corps.

An accident with electric current weakened Rodriguez to the point of near death, but Quinn convinced Rodriguez, whose two sons had by this time joined the Army, to join the Confederate Veterans' Brigades, a Freedom Party paramilitary organization. After training, Rodriguez was sent to Camp Determination, where he was rejoined with Jefferson Pinkard. He was eventually promoted to Troop Leader (sergeant in Army ranking).

A former Great War friend of Camp Commandant Jefferson Pinkard, Rodriguez was looked down upon by some of the white guards because of his race and his personal connection to the commandant. But a chance remark by Rodriguez concerning the use of poison to remove pests from the guards' quarters led Pinkard to think up the idea of gas chambers to kill the camp's prisoners ''en masse''.

Scipio ("Xerxes")

(Viewpoint character, GW:AF-SA:DE)

Scipio (no last name), known as "Kip" to some, was, in 1915, the butler of Anne Colleton. He was highly educated and was able to speak with a "white" accent as well as the local Black accent (Congaree). He found himself drawn by the chief hunter Cassius into the Red Rebellion of 1915 as a member of the cell controlling Marshlands, and was forced to serve as a "revolutionary judge" of the Congaree Socialist Republic and as an intermediary with Confedrate forces.

When the rebellion was crushed, Scipio escaped from South Carolina into Augusta, Georgia, where he assumed the name "Xerxes" and over the years worked as a waiter at several restaurants: first that of Jerry Oglethorpe, then Erasmus, a prosperous black, and finally under Jerry Dover at the prestigious Huntsmans' Lodge. At one point, Anne Colleton (who had blamed Scipio for much of the destruction at her beloved Marshlands Plantation) found that Scipio worked at the Huntsmans' Lodge. She came to arrest him, but Scipio wasn't working at the time. Jerry Dover, who didn't want to lose such a talented employee, convinced Anne that this wasn't the Xerxes (Scipio) that she wanted by showing her paperwork that proved Xerxes had been working there for many years. (There had actually been another Xerxes that had worked at the Huntsmans' Lodge years before, so the paperwork checked out for Scipio's sake.)

Scipio/Xerxes married Bathsheba and had two children (one named Cassius). He found himself trapped behind the barbed wire the Confederates establish around the Terry, Augusta's Black district, and eventually was caught in a roundup as Augusta is emptied of Blacks and deported west.

Semmes, Gabriel

(GW:AF-AE:BI)

Gabriel Semmes was a prominent Whig politician during the Great War. From 1910 to 1916, he served as Woodrow Wilson 's vice-president. In the 1915 presidential election, he easily defeated Doroteo Arango , the Radical Liberal candidate from Chihuahua. However, Semmes' term was marred by the Confederacy's defeat in the Great War and the subsequent loss of territory to the United States. In the aftermath of the Red Rebellion, Semmes proposed a bill to the Confederate Congress to allow black soliders to fight in the war; this was done as a result of a shortage of available white conscripts. Semmes left office in 1922 disgraced after the C.S. loss and humiliation in the war.

Stuart, Jeb Jr.

(HFR, AE:BI, AE:VO)

General James Ewell Brown (Jeb) Stuart Jr. is a fictionalized character in this series. Stuart entered combat in 1881 as a lieutenant of infantry in the Army of Kentucky, which was charged with the defense of the state it was named for. When the US Army of the Ohio under the command of General Orlando Wilcox invaded Kentucky at Louisville, Stuart and his company distinguished themselves under fire when they held and repulsed Wilcox's flanking move. In the middle of the fighting, Stuart saved his company when its commander was wounded, and became a war hero just like his father, who was serving in Mexico. Right after the battle, Stuart personally met the Confederate Army chief, General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson .

For the next thirty years, Jeb Stuart, Jr. rapidly advanced through the ranks, rising to the top of the chain of command by virtue of his glory in 1881 and through the magic of his family's name, which would prove thicker than merit in the caste-world of the Confederacy. When the world went to war in 1914, Stuart was in charge of the War Department. He unleashed the Army Of Northern Virginia north through Washington DC, Maryland, and southern Maryland in a move aimed at capturing Philadelphia , the de-facto capital of the United States.

In 1915, as the Army of Northern Virginia stood on the Susquehanna river, disturbing reports filtered from the front to the War Department of a nature endangering the safety of the entire CSA. Many cells of Marxist black laborers had been uncovered in the various armies, one such cell including Pompey, the manservant of Stuart's son, Captain Jeb Stuart III of Battery C, First Richmond Howitzers. The accusation there had been made by one of Stuart's sergeants in Battery C, Jake Featherston, and passed on to the top by a major from Intelligence named Clarence Potter.

Jeb Stuart, Jr. didn't wish to upset his son by having the manservant, Pompey, taken away for detention. He ordered the affair hushed up, not believing that Pompey was even capable of plotting rebellion or anything seditious. When the Red Rebellion Of 1915-16 broke out in autumn of 1915, Pompey disappeared with the other rebels. Jeb Stuart III was now under a cloud, and when Pompey was captured and brought back to the captain for confirmation of identity, any chances of his being promoted went down the drain. Jeb Stuart III died in combat not long after the affair, recklessly attacking the enemy with the intent of being killed. Jeb Stuart, Jr. punished Sergeant Featherston and Major Potter for their parts in the controversy by blocking their promotions. Potter got over his situation; Featherston was enraged and began the descent into madness that would blaze through the world in future years.

Despite the Confederacy's defeat, Stuart remained the head of the postwar Confederate Army. Though often singled out by Featherston as ''the'' example of the nepotism and conservatism which had crippled the CS Army during the war, Stuart remained silent until 1923. When President Wade Hampton V's assassination seemed sure to consign the Freedom Party to the dustbin of history, Stuart personally met with Featherston for the first time. He quietly but smugly informed Featherston that he had come to say goodbye, as he believed that the Freedom Party would no longer be a force in Confederate politics. While it did not consume his outer appearance, it seemed he deeply regretted his actions that allowed the Red Rebellion to occur. He believed that the death of his son was a result of his mistake.

Stuart's confidence proved misplaced. Featherston did recover from the 1923 debacle, and eleven years later was sworn in as the Confederacy's President.

Despite his campaign promises, Featherston walked softly around the army for the first two years of his presidency. But in the aftermath of a failed assassination attempt at the 1936 Richmond Olympics, Featherston's popularity was such that he felt the time had come to shake up the CS Army's leadership. He called Stuart into his office and gloatingly reminded him of their last meeting before asking for his resignation. The icy civility of both men swiftly gave way to abuse; when Stuart labeled Featherston 'white trash' the enraged president threatened to charge the general with treason for his part in facilitating the Red rebellion, as well as exposing his son's involvement with protecting the Marxist Pompey. A shaken Stuart promptly resigned.

Shortly afterward news of the Pompey Affair went out over the Confederate wireless and cinema. As Stuart was a broken man in his seventies, it is likely that he died before Operation Blackbeard kicked off.

Stuart, Jeb III

(GW:AF-GW:WH)

Son of General Jeb Stuart, Jr., and the commanding officer of Battery C in the First Richmond Howitzers, Army of Northern Virginia, Jeb Stuart III was a young man when he was promoted to captain and given command of Battery C, which helped explain his cockiness and self-assured stance on whatever situation arose. When his manservant, a black man named Pompey, came under investigation for possible connections to the Confederate Marxist underground, Stuart was convinced of his servant's innocence. He asked his father, the head of the CSA War Department, to cancel the investigation, never finding out that it was one of his own sergeants, Jake Featherston, who tipped off Army Intelligence about Pompey.

When the black Marxists finally rose up in revolt in the autumn of 1915, Pompey was discovered to be the leader of one of the cells in the Army, which included Featherston's gun handlers Nero and Perseus, among others. Pompey was captured and was later executed (assumingly; we never hear of his actual fate), but before the sentence was carried out Major Clarence Potter, who had led the earlier investigation, chastised Captain Stuart for his mistake. Shortly thereafter, during a U.S. Army breakthrough on that front in Maryland, Stuart ordered Sergeant Featherston to unlimber his gun and fight the U.S. soldiers to their last breath. He was shot and killed right after that, openly showing his body to the enemy before he was gunned down, meaning that he intended to die in a blaze of glory rather than atoning for his grave mistake of ignoring the black rebellion before it started. For their roles in the controversy, both Sergeant Featherston and Major Potter were punished by Captain Stuart's father, being banned from further promotion in the Confederate States Army.

It was the events surrounding Jeb Stuart III and Pompey that sparked Jake Featherston's ultra-intense racism and contempt for the Confederate aristocracy, leading to his involvement in the newly-formed Freedom Party and his rise to power.

Wood, Apicius

(GW:AF-GW:B)

Before the Great War, Apicius (no last name) was the proprietor of The Kentucky Smoke House, a barbecue restaurant in Covington, Kentucky, which was patronized by both the white and black community. He was also the head of the Marxist underground in Covington, and thus was involved in a three-way fight between the Marxists, the Confederate underground (led by Tom Kennedy), and the Kentucky State Police led by Luther Bliss.

He adopted the surname "Wood" when blacks were allowed to take surnames in 1916 during the short period of U.S. rule, because "you can't make good barbecue without good wood." His sons continued to run the barbecue and the Marxist underground during the 1941 War.

CANADA

MacGregor, Arthur

(Viewpoint character, GW:AF-AE:BI)

Arthur MacGregor owned a farm in southern Manitoba near the town of Rosenfield. The town was occupied by United States forces early in the Great War. When his 15-year-old son, Alexander, was arrested and then shot by the U.S. Army for sabotage (based on only circumstantial evidence), MacGregor began a secret campaign of bombing American institutions.

He remained undetected for years, but his luck ran out in the 1920s when he attempted to kill General George Armstrong Custer with a bomb. Alone amongst US officers, Custer strongly suspected MacGregor was a bomber (descpite no evidence being found to convict him). Custer noticed MacGregor in the crowd during Custer's retirement parade. When MacGregor threw a bomb at Custer, Custer caught the bomb and threw it back at MacGregor, killing him instantly.

MacGregor had a daughter named Mary, who later married Mort Pomeroy. She continued in her father's footsteps, secretly making bombs to keep the American occupiers off guard.

MacGregor, Mary (Pomeroy)

(GW:AF-AE:BI, Viewpoint character AE:CCH-SA:DE)

Mary MacGregor was the daughter of Arthur MacGregor. After her father's death, she carried out his campaign of bombing Americans and Canadian "traitors." An ardent Canadian nationalist, she set off a bomb in Berlin , Ontario, killing Laura Moss, Jonathan Moss' wife, and their infant daughter.

After several successful bombing attacks, she was arrested by U.S. forces in 1942 and, refusing life imprisonment, was ' Martyred ' by firing squad.

Secord, Laura (Moss)

(GW:B-AE:VO)

Laura Secord was a Canadian farmer descended from (and named for) the Canadian Patriot of the War Of 1812 . She lived in Berlin, Ontario , and lost her first husband, a Canadian Pilot, during the Great War. After the war ended, she established an antagonistic but oddly strong relationship with an American pilot named Jonathan '''Moss''', who moved to the town (now a part of Occupied Canada) to establish his career as an attorney in military occupation courts. The two married and eventually had a daughter, Dorothy.

Laura and her daughter were killed (while Jonathan was at work) by a mail bomb sent to them by Mary MacGregor, who saw Laura Moss as a traitor to their country. MacGregor was eventually arrested by U.S. forces and executed by firing squad.

QUéBEC

Galtier, Lucien

(Viewpoint character GW:AF-AE:VO)

Lucien Galtier was a farmer in Rivière-du-Loup, Quebec, which was occupied by U.S. forces early in the Great War. Although not expressing overt hostility to the U.S. occupation, the occupiers decided to confiscate part of his land to build a military hospital. After his daughter, Nicole, married Leonard O'Doull, one of the USA Army surgeons, the U.S. military government and the government of the Republic of Québec decided Galtier was friendly, and he was compensated for the land and paid back rent. The Republic of Quebec later bought the land the hospital was built on for a large sum. That money, combined with the rent he had received, made him one of the wealthier farmers in the area.

His wife died of cancer a few years after the war ended, and he died of a heart attack while "enjoying the company" of his new lady-friend, Eloise Granche, a few months before the 1941 war began.

Talon, Pascal

(GW:AF-AE:CCH)

Father Pascal Talon was a Catholic priest in Rivière-du-Loup. An opportunist as well as a man of the cloth, he supported the Americans early in the occupation, assisting U.S. Army Major Jedediah Quigley with the pacification of his area by delivering pro-American sermons to his congregation. He was made Bishop in 1916 when his church in Riviere-du-Loup became the seat of a diocese. This coincided with the establishment of the Republic of Quebec and may be evidence of cooperation between the Holy See and the Central Powers .

In 1926 Bishop Pascal found himself at the center of a scandal when it was revealed that he had taken a mistress and had fathered twins with her. He was very abruptly defrocked. As a layman, he married the mother of his twins and moved his family to Quebec City to begin a new life. As Lucien Galtier noted, Pascal served God and himself at the same time.

MEXICO

Francisco José II

(SA:DE)

Francisco José II is Emperor of Mexico in the 1940s, and as such, analogous to the role of minor Axis allies in our timeline. During World War II , he sent his three best army divisions to assist the Confederate States in Operation Coalscuttle in Pennsylvania. These forces were annihilated in General Morrell's counterattack, which led to the destruction of the Confederate army in Pittsburgh. Afterwards, Confederate Secretary of State George Herbert Walker 'persuaded' him to provide five more divisions for use as 'internal security' against Negro marauders. Not much is known about the Emperor personally.

CHARACTERS COMMON TO BOTH TIMELINES

''See separate article at Timeline 191's Common Characters ''

OTHER ARTICLES

Timeline-191

Institutions In The Southern Victory (Timeline-191) Series

Timeline 191's Common Characters

	APPAREL
	BABY
	BEAUTY
	BOOKS
	CAR TOYS
	CELL PHONES
	DVD'S
	ELECTRONICS
	GOURMET FOOD
	GROCERIES
	HEALTH & PERSONAL
	HOME & GARDEN
	JEWELRY
	MUSIC
	MUSIC INSTRUMENTS
	OFFICE PRODUCTS
	SOFTWARE
	SPORTING GOODS
	TOOLS & HARDWARE
	TOYS
	VIDEO GAMES
	SHOPPING HOME

	MORE SHOPPING...

	CATEGORIES ABOUT CHARACTERS IN THE SOUTHERN VICTORY SERIES

	alternate history characters

	timeline-191

Information About

Characters In The Southern Victory Series