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They were especially active in the Nineteenth Century in historically Catholic countries that fell under Anti-clerical regimes such as Italy, Bavaria, France and Belgium. Catholic Action is not party political, although in many times and places this distinction became blurred. Since the Second World War the concept has often been eclipsed by Christian Democrat parties that were organised to combat Communist parties in places such as Italy and West Germany . AUSTRALIA See Also: Democratic Labor Party A Catholic Action group was active in Australia, called "The Movement" and later the National Civic Council , under B.A. Santamaria . They were active in the Australian Labor Party , but were expelled by more left wing elements and went on to form the Democratic Labor Party . CHILE In Chile Catholic Action was the name of a nationwide youth movement. Under the aegis of Saint Alberto Hurtado it was responsible for the founding of the Chilean Trade Union Association. ITALY See Also: Azione Cattolica Azione Cattolica is probably the most active Catholic Action group still around today. Catholic Action was particularly well suited to Italy where Catholic party politcal action was impractical firstly under the Anti-Clerical Savoyard regime from 1870 until about 1910 and then under the Fascist regime. CATHOLIC ACTION IN OTHER COUNTRIES Catholic Action was organised in many other countries, including:
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