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The Austrian Independence Treaty (complete form: ''Treaty for the re-establishment of an independent and democratic , the United Kingdom , the United States and the Soviet Union , and the Austrian Government and officially came into force on July 27 , 1955 . GENERALITIES AND STRUCTURE The treaty re-established a Free , Sovereign and Democratic Austria . The basis for the treaty was the Moscow Declaration of October 30 , 1943 . The signators of the treaty were the , John Foster Dulles , Harold MacMillan and Antoine Pinay on behalf of the Allies, and Leopold Figl as the Austrian Foreign Minister, as well as the four High Commissioner s of the occupying powers. The treaty is divided into 9 parts:
IMPORTANT POINTS IN THE TREATY As well as general regulations and recognition of the Austrian state, the minority rights of the Croat and Slovenia n minorities are also expressly detailed. Anschluss (political union) with the new Germany , as had happened in 1938 , was forbidden. Nazi and Fascist organisations were prohibited. Furthermore, Austria announced that it would declare itself permanently neutral after the enactment of the treaty. The USSR had expressed its wish for such a declaration of neutrality as a guarantee that Austria would not join NATO after Soviet troops had been withdrawn. Thus, Austrian Neutrality is not technically part of the treaty, but is historically and politically linked with it. RESULT As a result of the treaty the Allies quit Austrian territory on October 25 , 1955 . October 26 is celebrated as a National Holiday (called the Day Of The Flag until 1965 ). It is sometimes thought to commemorate the withdrawal of Allied troops, but in fact celebrates Austria's Declaration Of Neutrality , which was passed on October 26 , 1955 . DEVELOPMENT First attempts to negotiate a treaty were made by the first post-war government. However, they failed because the Allies wanted to see a Peace Treaty with Germany first. A treaty became less likely with the development of the Cold War . However, Austria successfully held its part of Carinthia against the demands of a resurgent Communist Yugoslavia , even though the issue of potential reunification with South Tyrol , annexed by Italy in 1919 , was not addressed. The climate for negotiations improved with Stalin 's death in 1953 , and negotiations with the Soviet foreign minister Molotov secured the breakthrough in February of 1955 . SEE ALSO EXTERNAL LINKS
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