| Artur Nebe |
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In 1936 , he was appointed as the head of the '' Kriminalpolizei '' (''Kripo''), which would later become the Criminal Police of Department V in the '' Reichssicherheitshauptamt ''). He also commanded '' Einsatzgruppe '' B, which was one of four large murder squads sent out by ''SS- Obergruppenführer '' Reinhard Heydrich (the head of the RSHA) to eliminate what the Nazis euphemistically termed ' Undesirables ' in the New Order. In 1941, he was a commander of one of the SS task forces ( Einsatzgruppen ) operating in Russian territory. The job of these units was to 'liquidate' influential civilians likely to oppose the Reich — in truth a euphemism for prominent Jews and Communists. Nebe himself claimed his own task force was responsible for more than 45,000 killings. In March 1944, after the ' Great Escape ' from Stalag Luft III POW camp, Nebe was ordered by Heinrich Müller , head of the Gestapo (Amt IV, or Department 4, of the Reichssicherheitshauptamt), to choose the names of 50 of the 73 captured prisoners, to be executed. It is reputed that this selection caused Nebe distress. He was believed to have been involved in various plots including the July 20 , 1944 , Bomb Plot against Adolf Hitler and, after the failure of the assassination attempt, went into hiding on an island in the Wannsee but was later arrested after a rejected mistress betrayed him. He was sentenced to death at the '' Volksgerichtshof ''. According to Nazi records, he was executed by being hanged with Piano Wire , on March 21 , 1945 . But there have been several alleged eyewitness sightings of Nebe since the war in Ireland and Italy . In the novel '' Fatherland '', set in an alternate history in which Germany has won the Second World War , Artur Nebe is depicted as an ''SS- Oberstgruppenführer '', still commanding the ''Kriminalpolizei'' in the 1960s . |
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