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The Arecibo message is a radio message that was beamed into space at a ceremony to mark the remodeling of the Arecibo Radio Telescope in 1974. It was aimed at the Globular Star Cluster M13 some 25,000 Light Year s away and consisted of 1679 Binary digits. The number 1679 was chosen because it is the product of two Prime Number s and therefore can only be broken down into 23 rows and 73 columns, or 73 rows and 23 columns. This assumes that those who read it will choose to arrange it as a Quadrilateral . The information arranged the first way (23 rows, 73 columns) produces jumbled nonsense, but if arranged the second way (73 rows, 23 columns) it forms the image shown on the right, which is assumed to be recognizable as data. Reading ''from right to left'' and ''from top to bottom'', it states (or shows) the following:
Because it will take 25,000 years for the message to reach its intended destination of stars (and an additional 25,000 for any reply), the Arecibo message was more a demonstration of human technological achievement than a real attempt to enter into a conversation with extraterrestrials. Dr. Frank Drake , then at Cornell University and creator of the famous Drake Equation , wrote the message, with help from the late Carl Sagan , among others. Whether this message will have any effects is very debatable. A Crop Circle about the Arecibo Message was found near Chilbolton's Observatory, depicting a similar message (allegedly from Greys -type aliens) that included silicon in their biochemistry and other subtle changes in the data, like the three inhabitated planets of their native system. This message is generally believed to be a hoax. EXPLANATION Numbers Read from right to left, the numbers from 1 to 10 appear in Binary format (the bottom row marks the beginning of each number). Even knowing binary, the encoding of the numbers may not be immediately obvious due to the way they have been written. To read the first seven digits, ignore the bottom row, and read them as three binary digits from bottom to top. The readings for 8, 9 and 10 are a little different, as they have been given an additional column to the left of the first. This is probably intended to show that numbers too large to fit in a column can be written in several contiguous ones, where the contiguous columns don't have the base marker. 00 00 00 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 01 00 00 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 10 11 10 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 X X X X X X X X X X <-least significant digit marker DNA elements Reading from right to left, the numbers 1, 6, 7, 8 and 15 appear, which are the atomic numbers of Hydrogen (H), Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N), Oxygen (O) and Phosphorus (P). These are the components of DNA. Nucleotides The Nucleotides are described as a sequence of the 5 atoms that appear on the preceding line. They are read from right to left. For example, the first nucleotide, deoxyribose (C5OH7) is read as: 00011 00001 01011 XXXXX which is, 7 (=111 in binary) atoms of hydrogen, 5 (=101 in binary) atoms of carbon, 0 atoms of nitrogen, 1 atom of oxygen and 0 atoms of phosphorus. The readings (right to left) are: Deoxyribose (C5OH7), Adenine (C5H4N5), Thymine (C5H5N2O2), Deoxyribose (C5OH7). Phosphate (PO4), Phosphate (PO4). Deoxyribose (C5OH7), Cytosine (C4H4N3O), Guanine (C5H4N5O), Deoxyribose (C5OH7). Phosphate (PO4), Phosphate (PO4). Double helix DNA double Helix (the vertical bar represents the number of nucleotides, but the value depicted is 4.2 billion when in fact there are about 3.2 billion base pairs in the human genome). Humanity The element in the center represents a . This corresponds to the horizontally written binary 14 multiplied with the Wavelength of the message (126 mm). The element on the left depicts the size of human population in 1974 encoded with 32 Bit s: 4'292'853'750 (in hex: 0xffdfbff6). Note that the "least significant digit marker" is to the upper right. Planets The , Venus , Earth , Mars , Jupiter , Saturn , Uranus , Neptune and Pluto . The Earth is the third planet from the Sun - its graphic is shifted up to identify it as the planet from which the signal was sent. In addition to showing position, the graphic provides a general, not-to-scale size reference of each planet and the Sun. Telescope The last part represents the Arecibo Radio Telescope with its Diameter (2430 (0x97e) multiplied with the Wavelength gives 306.18 M ). In this case the "least significant digit marker" is lower left pixel of the central group. SEE ALSO EXTERNAL LINKS
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