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Nicholas II proceeded towards Rome, along the way holding a synod at Sutri , where he pronounced Benedict X deposed and excommunicated. The supporters of Nicholas II then gained control of Rome, and forced Benedict X to flee to the castle of Gerard Of Galeria . Having arrived in Rome, Nicholas II then proceeded to wage war against Benedict X and his supporters, with Norman assistance. An initial battle was fought in Campagna in early 1059 , which was not wholly successful for Nicholas II; but later that same year, his forces conquered Praeneste , Tusculum and Numentanum , and then attacked Galeria , forcing Benedict X to surrender and renounce the Papacy. Benedict X was then allowed to go free, and he retired to one of his family estates; but Hildebrand then had him imprisoned in 1060 in the hospice of St. Agnese , where he died, still a prisoner, sometime around 1073 or 1080. The most important consequence of the affair of Benedict X was the adoption of new laws on papal elections, at a synod hosted by Nicholas II in the Lateran Palace at Easter 1059 . REFERENCES
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