| Alexander Of Aphrodisias |
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He came to Athens towards the end of the 2nd Century AD, became head of the Lyceum and lectured on Peripatetic Philosophy . The object of his work was to free the doctrine from the Syncretism of Ammonius and to reproduce the pure doctrine of Aristotle. Commentaries by Alexander on the following works of Aristotle are still extant:
His commentaries were greatly esteemed among the Arab ians, who translated many of them. Alexander's Band , an Optical Phenomenon , is named after him. There are also several original writings by Alexander still extant. The most important of these are a work ''On Fate'', in which he argues against the Stoic doctrine of necessity; and one ''On the Soul'', in which he contends that the undeveloped reason in man is material (''nous ulikos'') and inseparable from the body. He argued strongly against the doctrine of Immortality . He identified the active intellect (''nous poietikos''), through whose agency the potential intellect in man becomes actual, with God. Several of Alexander's works were published in the Aldine edition of Aristotle, Venice, 1495-1498; his ''De Fato'' and ''De Anima'' were printed along with the works of Themistius at Venice (1534); the former work, which has been translated into Latin by Grotius and also by Schulthess , was edited by J. C. Orelli , Zurich , 1824 ; and his commentaries on the Metaphysica by H. Bonitz , Berlin , 1847 . J. Nourisson has treated of his doctrine of fate (''De la liberte et du hazard'', Paris , 1870). In the early Renaissance his doctrine of the soul's mortality was adopted by Pietro Pomponazzi against the Thomists and the Averroists . See also , ''Alex. d'Aphr. et le pretendu Alex. d'Alexandrie,'' ''Rev. des etudes grecques'', v., 1892; E. Zeller 's ''Outlines of Gk. Phil.'' (Eng. trans., ed. 1905, p. 296). EXTERNAL LINKS REFERENCES |
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