| Aleksandr Sergeyevich Menshikov |
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A great-grandson of Aleksandr Danilovich Menshikov , Aleksandr entered the Russia n service as attache to the embassy at Vienna in 1809 . He became close with Alexander I and accompanied the Emperor throughout his campaigns against Napoleon . In 1817 , Menshikov was appointed acting General Quartermeister of the General Staff . In 1823 , he was transferred to the Ministry Of Foreign Affairs . Menshikov retired from army service in 1824 . He then was appointed head of the Naval Headquarters and Cabinet Minister by Nicholas I . He distinguished himself at the Siege Of Varna and in 1830 became a member of the State Council . In 1831 , Menshikov held the post of Governor General of Finland . He mainly devoted himself to naval matters and exerted very bad influence on the development of the Russian Navy , stalling its technical progress and combat training. In 1853 , Menshikov was sent on a special mission to Constantinople , and when the Crimean War broke out he was appointed Commander-in-chief by land and sea. He commanded the Russian Army at the Alma and Inkerman and showed incompetence and lack of military talent. On February 15 , 1855 , Menshikov was removed from command, and replaced by Prince Gorchakov . Between December of 1855 and April of 1856 , he held the post of Governor General of Kronstadt and then retired. He died in St. Petersburg . REFERENCES |
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