| Ad Hoc Wireless Network |
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The earliest MANETs were called " Packet Radio " networks, and were sponsored by DARPA in the early 1970s. BBN Technologies and SRI International designed, built, and experimented with these earliest systems. Experimenters included Jerry Burchfiel , Robert Kahn , and Ray Tomlinson of later TENEX , Internet and Email fame. It is interesting to note that these early packet radio systems predated the Internet , and indeed were part of the motivation of the original Internet Protocol suite. Later DARPA experiments included the Survivable Radio Network ( SURAN ) project, which took place in the 1980s. Another third wave of academic activity started in the mid 1990s with the advent of inexpensive 802.11 radio cards for personal computers. Current MANETs are designed primarily for military utility; examples include JTRS and NTDR . The popular IEEE 802.11 (" Wi-Fi ") wireless protocol incorporates an ad-hoc networking system when no Wireless Access Point s are present, although it would be considered a very low-grade ad-hoc protocol by specialists in the field. The IEEE 802.11 system only handles traffic within a local "cloud" of wireless devices. Each node transmits and receives data, but does not route anything between the network's systems. However, higher-level protocols can be used to aggregate various IEEE 802.11 ad-hoc networks into MANETs. A list of some ad-hoc network protocols can be found in the Ad Hoc Routing Protocol List . The MIT Media Lab $100 Laptop program hopes to develop a cheap laptop for mass distribution (>1 million at a time) to developing countries for education. The laptops will use ad-hoc wireless mesh networking to develop their own communications network out of the box. SEE ALSO EXTERNAL LINKS
REFERENCES Packet Radio Papers: Ad Hoc Network Papers (Overview): |
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