| Abram Fedorovich Ioffe |
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Abram Fedorovich Ioffe (, October 29 , 1880 ( New Style ) – October 14 , 1960 ) was a prominent Soviet / Russia n Physicist born in the Ukraine . CAREER OVERVIEW In the course of his brilliant career he researched Electromagnetism , Radiology , features of Crystal s, physics of high impact, Thermoelectricity , Photoelectricity , and was a leading force in building new research laboratories for Radioactivity , Superconductivity , and Nuclear Physics . Many of these laboratories later became independent institutes. Ioffe's pedagogical efforts resulted in the Soviet school of physics, his students include Aleksandr Aleksandrov , Yakov Dorfman , Pyotr Kapitsa , Isaak Kikoin , Igor Kurchatov , Yakov Frenkel , Nikolay Semyonov , Lev Artsimovich and others. BIOGRAPHY Born to a middle-class Jew ish family in small town of Romny, Russian Empire (now in Sumy Region , Ukraine ), after graduation in ( 1902 ) from St. Petersburg Technological Institute he worked for two years as an assistant to famous Wilhelm Roentgen in his Munich laboratory. In 1905 Ioffe obtained Ph.D. from Munich University . Ioffe stated that he saw the names of two authors, Einstein – Marić , on the 1905 '' Annus Mirabilis Papers '' when they were submitted during this time. This lends support to claim that the work was a co-authorship between Einstein and his wife. After 1906 Ioffe worked in the St. Petersburg (from 1924 Leningrad) Politechnical Institute, where later became a professor. In 1911 Ioffe converted to Lutheranism . In 1913 he attained the title of Magister of Philosophy, in 1915 - Doctor of Physics. In 1918 he became a head of Physics and Technology division in State Institute Of Roentgenology And Radiology . This division later became the Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute . Ioffe refused a job offer of directing the Soviet project to build the Nuclear Bomb . He saw great promise in the young Igor Kurchatov , and in 1942 placed him in charge of the first nuclear laboratory. During the Stalin 's campaign against the so-called Rootless Cosmopolitan s, in 1950 Ioffe was fired from his position of the Director of Institute and from the Board of Directors. REFERENCES |
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