Information AboutAdme |
| CATEGORIES ABOUT ADME | |
| pharmacokinetics | |
| medicinal chemistry | |
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;''' — usually via Mucous surfaces like the Digestive Tract ( Intestinal absorption). Uptake into the target organs or cells needs to be ensured, too. This can be a serious problem at some natural barriers like the Blood-brain Barrier . Factors such as poor compound solubility, chemical instability in the stomach, and inability to permeate the intestinal wall can all reduce the extent to which a drug is absorbed after oral administration. Absorption critically determines the compound's Bioavailability ; Distribution : The compound needs to be carried to its effector site, most often via the bloodstream. From there, the compound may distribute into tissues and organs, usually to differing extents. ;''' enzymes, termed Cytochrome P450 enzymes. As metabolism occurs, the initial (parent) compound is converted to new compounds called Metabolite s. When metabolites are pharmacologically inert, metabolism deactivates the administered dose of parent drug and this usually reduces the effects on the body. Metabolites may also be pharmacologically active, sometimes more so than the parent drug. ; Excretion : Compounds and their metabolites need to be removed from the body via excretion, usually through the kidneys (urine) or in the feces. Unless excretion is complete, accumulation of foreign substances can adversely affect normal metabolism. Sometimes, the potential or real Toxicity of the compound is taken into account (ADME-Tox or '''ADMET'''). When the '''Liberation''' of the substance (from protective coating, or other Excipient s) is considered, we speak of '''LADME'''. Computational Chemists try to predict the ADME-Tox qualities of compounds through methods like QSPR / QSAR . The Route Of Administration critically influences ADME. SEE ALSO
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