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1870s fashion in European and European-influenced Clothing is characterized by a gradual return to a narrow silhouette after the full-skirted fashions of the 1850s and 1860s . WOMEN'S FASHIONS Overview By 1870, fullness in the , a form-fitting, long-waisted, boned bodice that reached below the hips, and the princess sheath dress. Sleeves of day dresses were narrow throughout the period, with a tendency to flare slightly at the wrist early on. Evening dresses had low necklines and very short, off-the-shoulder sleeves, and were worn with short (later mid-length) Glove s. Other characteristic fashions included a Velvet Ribbon tied high around the neck and trailing behind for evening (the origin of the modern Choker Necklace ). Hairstyles and headgear In keeping with the vertical emphasis, Hair was pulled back at the sides and worn in a high knot or cluster of ringlets, often with a Fringe (bangs) over the forehead. Bonnet s were smaller to allow for the elaborately piled hairstyles and resembled Hat s except for their ribbons tied under the chin. Smallish hats, some with Veil s, were perched on top of the head, and brimmed straw hats were worn for outdoor wear in summer. Tea gowns and artistic dress Under the influence of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood and other artistic reformers, the "anti-fashion" for Artistic Dress with its " Medieval " details and uncorseted lines continued through the 1870s. Newly fashionable Tea Gown s, an informal fashion for entertaining at home, combined Pre-Raphaelite influences with the loose sack-back styles of the Eighteenth Century {Link without Title} . Style gallery # of 1870 has a tiered and ruffled skirt back. # photographed in 1874, the year of her marriage to Lord Randolph Churchill . She wears a newly-fashionable bodice tailored like a man's jacket (the forerunner of the cuirasse bodice). Her tall hat-like bonnet has a pouf of veiling, and she carries a Muff . # is festooned with flowers and is worn with mid-length white gloves and a black neck ribbon. The high-knotted hairstyle is typical of the mid-1870s. # "Veto" by George Du Maurier from ''Punch'', satirizing the tight dress styles of the late 1870's. # of the early 1870s. Portrait of Mrs. Frances Leyland by Whistler . # "Young lady of fashion, 1871" vs. "London Dairywoman". # by George Du Maurier from ''Punch'', May 25th 1878, satirizing both impractical women's fashions and men's formal military uniforms. SEE ALSO NOTES # At Home at Tea Time: Tea Gowns for Distinction and Comfort, 1870-1920 , Kent State University Museum Exhibit, April to August 1997, Anne Bissonnette, Curator REFERENCES Arnold, Janet : ''Patterns of Fashion 2: Englishwomen's Dresses and Their Construction C.1860-1940'', Wace 1966, Macmillan 1972. Revised metric edition, Drama Books 1977. ISBN 0896760278 Ashelford, Jane: ''The Art of Dress: Clothing and Society 1500-1914'', Abrams, 1996. ISBN 0810963175 Goldthorpe, Caroline: ''From Queen to Empress: Victorian Dress 1837-1877'', Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1988, ISBN 0870995359 EXTERNAL LINKS
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